PMID- 28648318 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20181029 LR - 20191210 IS - 2212-1102 (Electronic) IS - 2212-1099 (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2017 May TI - Translation, Revision, and Validation of the Diabetes Distress Scale for Indonesian Type 2 Diabetic Outpatients with Various Types of Complications. PG - 63-73 LID - S2212-1099(17)30023-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vhri.2017.03.010 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To translate, revise, and validate the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) instrument for Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) outpatients with various complications. METHODS: Participants were recruited from four hospitals and two primary health care centers. The study was performed with forward and backward translations, an adaptation testing with a small subset of participants, and validation analysis. Factor analysis with maximum likelihood estimation and promax rotation was then used to investigate the instrument structure. Internal consistency among the items was estimated using Cronbach alpha for each domain of the DDS. RESULTS: In total, 324 participants (246 from the hospitals and 78 from the primary health care centers) were involved in this study. To improve participant comprehension of the exact meaning of questions, examples of daily activities for patients with T2DM (e.g., diet, exercise, and adherence to therapy) were added to some questions after the translation and revision procedures. The factor analysis revealed a correlation among the four factors ranging from 0.40 to 0.67. The factor loadings of selected items from the four factors ranged from 0.41 to 0.98. The order of the four factors in the factor analysis was as follows: interpersonal distress, emotional burden, physician distress, and regimen distress. The internal consistency for the four domains ranged from 0.78 to 0.83. The instrument resulting from this study was labeled "DDS17 Bahasa Indonesia." CONCLUSIONS: The DDS17 Bahasa Indonesia provides an initial psychometric validation study, factor structure, and internal consistency for assessing the distress of Indonesian T2DM outpatients. Use of this instrument in future research and clinical trials is recommended for the Indonesian context. CI - Copyright (c) 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Farm, Bustanul Arifin S AU - Farm BAS AD - Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; RSUD Banggai Laut Hospital, Banggai Laut Local Government, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia; Institute of Science in Healthy Aging & healthcaRE (SHARE), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: bustanul.arifin.ury@gmail.com. FAU - Perwitasari, Dyah Aryani AU - Perwitasari DA AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Thobari, Jarir At AU - Thobari JA AD - Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Medical Faculty, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. FAU - Cao, Qi AU - Cao Q AD - Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Krabbe, Paul F M AU - Krabbe PFM AD - Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Postma, Maarten J AU - Postma MJ AD - Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Institute of Science in Healthy Aging & healthcaRE (SHARE), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Validation Study DEP - 20170504 PL - United States TA - Value Health Reg Issues JT - Value in health regional issues JID - 101592642 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*psychology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Indonesia MH - Male MH - Outpatients/*statistics & numerical data MH - *Psychometrics MH - Quality of Life/psychology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Self Care MH - Stress, Psychological/psychology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - *Translating OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diabetes Distress Scale OT - Indonesian type 2 diabetes OT - psychometric properties OT - validation EDAT- 2017/06/27 06:00 MHDA- 2018/10/30 06:00 CRDT- 2017/06/27 06:00 PHST- 2016/06/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/03/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/06/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/06/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/10/30 06:00 [medline] AID - S2212-1099(17)30023-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vhri.2017.03.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Value Health Reg Issues. 2017 May;12:63-73. doi: 10.1016/j.vhri.2017.03.010. Epub 2017 May 4.