PMID- 28672950
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1792-0981 (Print)
IS  - 1792-1015 (Electronic)
IS  - 1792-0981 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Jul
TI  - Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal 
      cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-beta.
PG  - 431-438
LID - 10.3892/etm.2017.4505 [doi]
AB  - In recent years accumulating evidence has indicated that tocotrienol exhibits an 
      oxidation resistance function, decreased cholesterol function, inhibits cancer 
      function and has unique physiological functions, including anti-inflammatory, 
      anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative properties. The present study investigated the 
      effect of tocotrienols on spinal cord injury (SCI) by evaluating oxidative 
      stress, inflammation and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in rats. A rat 
      model of SCI was induced by operation. SCI rats were treated with 120 mg/kg/day 
      tocotrienol once a day for eight consecutive weeks. Functional recovery following 
      SCI was measured by using the Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating 
      scale. Then the volume of spinal cord contusions was measured following induction 
      of SCI in the rats. In SCI rats, serum malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, 
      catalase, glutathione peroxidase, nuclear factor-kappaB p65 unit, tumor necrosis 
      factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 levels were analyzed using respective 
      commercial immunoassay kits. Firstly, iNOS, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, 
      collagen type IV and fibronectin protein expression levels, in addition to iNOS 
      activity and plasma nitric oxide (NO) production in SCI rats was analyzed using 
      western blot analysis, commercial kits and Griess reagent, respectively. 
      Tocotrienol treatment elevated BBB scores and contused volume in the SCI rats. 
      Tocotrienol protected against SCI with reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, 
      and inhibited iNOS protein expression iNOS activity and plasma NO production in 
      rats. In addition, treatment with tocotrienols suppressed TGF-beta, collagen type IV 
      and fibronectin protein expression levels in SCI rats. These results suggest that 
      tocotrienols protect SCI, and suppress oxidative stress, inflammation and iNOS in 
      this model of SCI through TGF-beta, collagen type IV and fibronectin signaling 
      pathways.
FAU - Xun, Chuanhui
AU  - Xun C
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
FAU - Mamat, Mardan
AU  - Mamat M
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
FAU - Guo, Hailong
AU  - Guo H
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
FAU - Mamati, Pulat
AU  - Mamati P
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
FAU - Sheng, Jun
AU  - Sheng J
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
FAU - Zhang, Jian
AU  - Zhang J
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
FAU - Xu, Tao
AU  - Xu T
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
FAU - Liang, Weidong
AU  - Liang W
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
FAU - Cao, Rui
AU  - Cao R
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
FAU - Sheng, Weibin
AU  - Sheng W
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 
      University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170523
PL  - Greece
TA  - Exp Ther Med
JT  - Experimental and therapeutic medicine
JID - 101531947
PMC - PMC5488605
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - inducible nitric oxide synthase
OT  - inflammation
OT  - oxidative stress
OT  - spinal cord injury
OT  - tocotrienol
EDAT- 2017/07/05 06:00
MHDA- 2017/07/05 06:01
PMCR- 2017/05/23
CRDT- 2017/07/05 06:00
PHST- 2015/11/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/11/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/07/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/07/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/07/05 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/05/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ETM-0-0-4505 [pii]
AID - 10.3892/etm.2017.4505 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):431-438. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4505. Epub 2017 May 
      23.