PMID- 28684764
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190109
LR  - 20190109
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Jul 6
TI  - Heterogeneity of odorant identification impairment in patients with Alzheimer's 
      Disease.
PG  - 4798
LID - 10.1038/s41598-017-05201-7 [doi]
LID - 4798
AB  - Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients exhibit olfactory dysfunction. However, the 
      olfactory declineti precise nature is not fully understood. One hundred patients 
      (60 AD, 28 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), 12 Normal) were enrolled. 
      All participants underwent olfactory function testing using an odour stick 
      identification test for Japanese (OSIT-J). OSIT-J scores were significantly 
      correlated with recall. We classified OSIT-J odorants into three groups: Category 
      I, odorants that were difficult for normal aged subjects to identify; Category 
      II, odorants that became harder to accurately identify with cognitive decline; 
      and Category III, odorants that even AD patients could identify. We defined a 
      "cognitive subset" consisting of six Category II OSIT-J odorants (perfume, rose, 
      Japanese cypress, curry, India ink and gas leak odour). The ability to identify 
      "cognitive subset" odours was significantly better indicator of cognitive status 
      than the ability to identify "non-cognitive subset", which consisted of the six 
      remaining items. The ability to identify the gas leak odorant was decreased early 
      in the aMCI stage, suggesting a need to reconsider the odours used to signal gas 
      leaks. The "cognitive subset" would provide a more convenient and effective 
      biomarker for diagnosing dementia in clinical settings.
FAU - Umeda-Kameyama, Yumi
AU  - Umeda-Kameyama Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4353-3424
AD  - Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of 
      Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. yumeda-tky@umin.ac.jp.
FAU - Ishii, Shinya
AU  - Ishii S
AD  - Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of 
      Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
FAU - Kameyama, Masashi
AU  - Kameyama M
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and 
      Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
FAU - Kondo, Kenji
AU  - Kondo K
AD  - Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of 
      Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
FAU - Ochi, Atsushi
AU  - Ochi A
AD  - Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of 
      Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
FAU - Yamasoba, Tatsuya
AU  - Yamasoba T
AD  - Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of 
      Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
FAU - Ogawa, Sumito
AU  - Ogawa S
AD  - Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of 
      Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
FAU - Akishita, Masahiro
AU  - Akishita M
AD  - Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of 
      Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20170706
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Alzheimer Disease/*diagnosis/physiopathology
MH  - Biomarkers/analysis
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Cognitive Dysfunction/*diagnosis/physiopathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Odorants/*analysis
MH  - Olfaction Disorders/*diagnosis/physiopathology
MH  - Olfactory Perception/physiology
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Smell/physiology
PMC - PMC5500500
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2017/07/08 06:00
MHDA- 2019/01/10 06:00
PMCR- 2017/07/06
CRDT- 2017/07/08 06:00
PHST- 2017/02/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/05/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/07/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/07/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/01/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/07/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-017-05201-7 [pii]
AID - 5201 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-017-05201-7 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 6;7(1):4798. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05201-7.