PMID- 28711395
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180501
LR  - 20180501
IS  - 1873-507X (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-9384 (Linking)
VI  - 179
DP  - 2017 Oct 1
TI  - Silymarin ameliorates experimentally induced depressive like behavior in rats: 
      Involvement of hippocampal BDNF signaling, inflammatory cytokines and oxidative 
      stress response.
PG  - 401-410
LID - S0031-9384(16)30738-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.07.010 [doi]
AB  - Silymarin is a polyphenolic flavonoid of Silybum marianum, exhibited 
      neuroprotection and antidepressant like activity in acute restraint stressed 
      mice. The main objective of the present study is to investigate possible 
      antidepressant like activity of silymarin in experimentally induced depressive 
      behavior in rats. The depressive behaviors were induced in rats by olfactory 
      bulbectomized (OBX) technique. Wistar rats were administered with silymarin at a 
      dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg, by per oral in OBX and sham operated rats. 
      Behavioral (ambulatory and rearing activity and immobility time), neurochemical 
      [serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and brain derived 
      neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level], biochemical (MDA formation, IL-6, TNF-alpha and 
      antioxidants) changes in hippocampus and cerebral cortex along with serum 
      corticosterone were investigated. Rats subjected to OBX elicited significant 
      increase in immobility time, ambulatory and rearing behaviors, reduced BDNF 
      level, 5-HT, DA, NE and antioxidant parameters along with increased serum 
      corticosterone, MDA formation, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in hippocampus and cerebral cortex 
      compared to sham operated rats. Administration of with silymarin significantly 
      attenuated immobility time, ambulatory and rearing behaviors, serum 
      corticosterone and improved BDNF expression, 5-HT, DA, NE and antioxidant 
      paradigms in cerebral cortex as well as hippocampus. In addition, silymarin 
      attenuated IL-6, and TNF-alpha significantly in hippocampus and cerebral cortex in 
      OBX rats. Thus, silymarin exhibits anti-depressant-like activity in OBX rats due 
      to alterations in several neurotransmitters, endocrine and immunologic systems, 
      including BDNF, 5-HT, DA, NE, MDA formation, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in hippocampus and 
      cerebral cortex as well as serum corticosterone.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Thakare, Vishnu N
AU  - Thakare VN
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 
      Lonavala 410401, Maharashtra, India; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of 
      Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, Gujarat, India.
FAU - Aswar, Manoj K
AU  - Aswar MK
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy, Nerhe, Pune, 
      Maharashtra, India.
FAU - Kulkarni, Yogesh P
AU  - Kulkarni YP
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 
      Lonavala 410401, Maharashtra, India.
FAU - Patil, Rajesh R
AU  - Patil RR
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 
      Lonavala 410401, Maharashtra, India.
FAU - Patel, Bhoomika M
AU  - Patel BM
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 
      382 481, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: bgoyal@nirmauni.ac.in.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170712
PL  - United States
TA  - Physiol Behav
JT  - Physiology & behavior
JID - 0151504
RN  - 0 (Antidepressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Silymarin)
RN  - 01K63SUP8D (Fluoxetine)
RN  - 333DO1RDJY (Serotonin)
RN  - VTD58H1Z2X (Dopamine)
RN  - W980KJ009P (Corticosterone)
RN  - X4W3ENH1CV (Norepinephrine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antidepressive Agents/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Antioxidants/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*metabolism
MH  - Cerebral Cortex/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Corticosterone/blood
MH  - Cytokines/*metabolism
MH  - Depressive Disorder/*drug therapy/metabolism
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Dopamine/metabolism
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Fluoxetine/pharmacology
MH  - Hippocampus/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Norepinephrine/metabolism
MH  - Oxidative Stress/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Serotonin/metabolism
MH  - Silymarin/chemistry/*pharmacology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Brain derived neurotrophic factor
OT  - Depressive behavior
OT  - Monoamines
OT  - Olfactory bulbectomy
OT  - Oxidative stress
OT  - Silymarin
EDAT- 2017/07/18 06:00
MHDA- 2018/05/02 06:00
CRDT- 2017/07/17 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/05/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/07/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/07/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/05/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/07/17 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0031-9384(16)30738-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.07.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Physiol Behav. 2017 Oct 1;179:401-410. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.07.010. Epub 
      2017 Jul 12.