PMID- 28711567
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171211
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 229
DP  - 2017 Oct
TI  - The trans-continental distributions of pentachlorophenol and pentachloroanisole 
      in pine needles indicate separate origins.
PG  - 688-695
LID - S0269-7491(17)30220-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.010 [doi]
AB  - The production and use of pentachlorophenol (PCP) was recently 
      prohibited/restricted by the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs), but environmental data are few and of varying quality. We here 
      present the first extensive dataset of the continent-wide (Eurasia and Canada) 
      occurrence of PCP and its methylation product pentachloroanisole (PCA) in the 
      environment, specifically in pine needles. The highest concentrations of PCP were 
      found close to expected point sources, while PCA chiefly shows a northern and/or 
      coastal distribution not correlating with PCP distribution. Although long-range 
      transport and environmental methylation of PCP or formation from other precursors 
      cannot be excluded, the distribution patterns suggest that such processes may not 
      be the only source of PCA to remote regions and unknown sources should be sought. 
      We suggest that natural sources, e.g., chlorination of organic matter in Boreal 
      forest soils enhanced by chloride deposition from marine sources, should be 
      investigated as a possible partial explanation of the observed distributions. The 
      results show that neither PCA nor total PCP (SigmaPCP = PCP + PCA) should be used to 
      approximate the concentrations of PCP; PCP and PCA must be determined and 
      quantified separately to understand their occurrence and fate in the environment. 
      The background work shows that the accumulation of airborne POPs in plants is a 
      complex process. The variations in life cycles and physiological adaptations have 
      to be taken into account when using plants to evaluate the concentrations of POPs 
      in remote areas.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kylin, Henrik
AU  - Kylin H
AD  - Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linkoping University, 
      SE-581 83 Linkoping, Sweden; Research Unit: Environmental Sciences and 
      Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Electronic 
      address: henrik.kylin@liu.se.
FAU - Svensson, Teresia
AU  - Svensson T
AD  - Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linkoping University, 
      SE-581 83 Linkoping, Sweden.
FAU - Jensen, Soren
AU  - Jensen S
AD  - Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Science, Stockholm 
      University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
FAU - Strachan, William M J
AU  - Strachan WMJ
AD  - Aquatic Ecosystem Protection Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, 
      Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Rd., Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, 
      Canada.
FAU - Franich, Robert
AU  - Franich R
AD  - Scion, Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand.
FAU - Bouwman, Hindrik
AU  - Bouwman H
AD  - Research Unit: Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, 
      Potchefstroom, South Africa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170713
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Anisoles)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 14D125MH3W (pentachloroanisole)
RN  - D9BSU0SE4T (Pentachlorophenol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anisoles/*analysis
MH  - Canada
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Pentachlorophenol/*analysis
MH  - Pinus/*chemistry
MH  - Soil/chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Environmental processes
OT  - Long-range transport
OT  - Natural chlorinated compounds
OT  - Persistent organic pollutants
OT  - Stockholm convention
EDAT- 2017/07/18 06:00
MHDA- 2017/12/12 06:00
CRDT- 2017/07/17 06:00
PHST- 2017/01/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/05/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/07/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/07/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/12/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/07/17 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0269-7491(17)30220-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2017 Oct;229:688-695. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.010. Epub 
      2017 Jul 13.