PMID- 28714941
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180426
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 7
DP  - 2017 Jul 17
TI  - Autophagy Induced FHL2 Upregulation Promotes IL-6 Production by Activating the 
      NF-kappaB Pathway in Mouse Aortic Endothelial Cells after Exposure to PM2.5.
LID - 10.3390/ijms18071484 [doi]
LID - 1484
AB  - Epidemiological and clinical studies have increasingly shown that fine 
      particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and 
      mortality, which share the common feature of PM2.5-induced vascular inflammation; 
      however, the underlying mechanisms of how PM2.5 triggers increased inflammatory 
      response in vascular endothelial cells are not well understood. After treating 
      mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) with different concentrations of PM2.5, we 
      assessed interleukin (IL)-6 and four and a half LIM domains 2 (FHL2) expression 
      in cell supernatant by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot, 
      respectively, as well as activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and immune-response 
      signaling pathways. Additionally, changes in pathway activation, IL-6 expression, 
      and autophagy were evaluated under PM2.5 exposure, following FHL2 knockdown with 
      small interfering RNA. Our results indicated that PM2.5 exposure induced FHL2 
      expression and IL-6 secretion, as well as activation of pathways associated with 
      immune response. Additionally, following FHL2 knockdown, the activation of 
      NF-kappaB-related pathways and IL-6 secretion was inhibited under PM2.5 exposure, 
      although the Akt- and p38-signaling pathways were not affected. Furthermore, 
      PM2.5 exposure induced autophagy, whereas autophagy inhibition eventually 
      inhibited PM2.5-induced FHL2 expression. These findings suggested a novel link 
      between autophagy induced FHL2 upregulation and IL-6 production in MAECs under 
      PM2.5 exposure.
FAU - Xia, Wen-Rong
AU  - Xia WR
AD  - Laboratory of Genomic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Beijing 100000, China. xiawenrong@sina.com.
FAU - Fu, Wenliang
AU  - Fu W
AD  - Laboratory of Genomic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Beijing 100000, China. fwl86@139.com.
FAU - Wang, Qin
AU  - Wang Q
AD  - Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese center for 
      disease control, Beijing 100000, China. wangqinbj@163.com.
FAU - Zhu, Xiaoming
AU  - Zhu X
AD  - Laboratory of Genomic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Beijing 100000, China. kitty66cat@126.com.
FAU - Xing, Wei-Wei
AU  - Xing WW
AD  - Laboratory of Genomic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Beijing 100000, China. huozinangua@163.com.
FAU - Wang, Min
AU  - Wang M
AD  - Laboratory of Genomic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Beijing 100000, China. wmmm12@sina.cn.
FAU - Xu, Dong-Qun
AU  - Xu DQ
AD  - Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese center for 
      disease control, Beijing 100000, China. dongqunxu@126.com.
FAU - Xu, Dong-Gang
AU  - Xu DG
AD  - Laboratory of Genomic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Beijing 100000, China. xudg@bmi.ac.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170717
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
RN  - 0 (Fhl2 protein, mouse)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (LIM-Homeodomain Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Muscle Proteins)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 0 (Particulate Matter)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
RN  - 0 (interleukin-6, mouse)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aorta/*cytology/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Autophagy
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Endothelial Cells/cytology/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Gene Knockdown Techniques
MH  - Interleukin-6/*metabolism
MH  - LIM-Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Muscle Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - NF-kappa B/*metabolism
MH  - Particulate Matter/*toxicity
MH  - Signal Transduction
MH  - Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Transcriptional Activation
MH  - *Up-Regulation
PMC - PMC5535974
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - FHL2
OT  - IL-6
OT  - NF-kappaB
OT  - PM2.5
OT  - autophagy
OT  - mouse aortic endothelial cells
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2017/07/18 06:00
MHDA- 2018/04/27 06:00
PMCR- 2017/07/01
CRDT- 2017/07/18 06:00
PHST- 2017/06/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/06/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/07/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/07/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/07/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/04/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms18071484 [pii]
AID - ijms-18-01484 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms18071484 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jul 17;18(7):1484. doi: 10.3390/ijms18071484.