PMID- 28719658
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170927
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 7
DP  - 2017
TI  - OptisampleTM: Open web-based application to optimize sampling strategies for 
      active surveillance activities at the herd level illustrated using Porcine 
      Respiratory Reproductive Syndrome (PRRS).
PG  - e0176863
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0176863 [doi]
LID - e0176863
AB  - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv) infection causes a 
      devastating economic impact to the swine industry. Active surveillance is 
      routinely conducted in many swine herds to demonstrate freedom from PRRSv 
      infection. The design of efficient active surveillance sampling schemes is 
      challenging because optimum surveillance strategies may differ depending on 
      infection status, herd structure, management, or resources for conducting 
      sampling. Here, we present an open web-based application, named 'OptisampleTM', 
      designed to optimize herd sampling strategies to substantiate freedom of 
      infection considering also costs of testing. In addition to herd size, expected 
      prevalence, test sensitivity, and desired level of confidence, the model takes 
      into account the presumed risk of pathogen introduction between samples, the 
      structure of the herd, and the process to select the samples over time. We 
      illustrate the functionality and capacity of 'OptisampleTM' through its 
      application to active surveillance of PRRSv in hypothetical swine herds under 
      disparate epidemiological situations. Diverse sampling schemes were simulated and 
      compared for each herd to identify effective strategies at low costs. The model 
      results show that to demonstrate freedom from disease, it is important to 
      consider both the epidemiological situation of the herd and the sample selected. 
      The approach illustrated here for PRRSv may be easily extended to other animal 
      disease surveillance systems using the web-based application available at 
      http://stemma.ahc.umn.edu/optisample.
FAU - Alba, Anna
AU  - Alba A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2872-1868
AD  - Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America.
FAU - Morrison, Robert E
AU  - Morrison RE
AD  - Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America.
FAU - Cheeran, Ann
AU  - Cheeran A
AD  - Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America.
FAU - Rovira, Albert
AU  - Rovira A
AD  - Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United 
      States of America.
FAU - Alvarez, Julio
AU  - Alvarez J
AD  - Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America.
FAU - Perez, Andres M
AU  - Perez AM
AD  - Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170718
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
CIN - Prev Vet Med. 2019 Oct 1;170:104728. PMID: 31421503
MH  - Animals
MH  - Costs and Cost Analysis
MH  - Epidemiological Monitoring/*veterinary
MH  - *Internet
MH  - *Models, Statistical
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*epidemiology/prevention & control
MH  - Swine/*virology
PMC - PMC5515404
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2017/07/19 06:00
MHDA- 2017/09/28 06:00
PMCR- 2017/07/18
CRDT- 2017/07/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/07/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/04/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/07/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/07/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/09/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/07/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-16-29705 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0176863 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2017 Jul 18;12(7):e0176863. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176863. 
      eCollection 2017.