PMID- 28719844
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180502
LR  - 20181105
IS  - 1873-4243 (Electronic)
IS  - 1093-3263 (Linking)
VI  - 76
DP  - 2017 Sep
TI  - Phosphate functionalized (4,4)-armchair CNTs as novel drug delivery systems for 
      alendronate and etidronate anti-osteoporosis drugs.
PG  - 86-105
LID - S1093-3263(17)30175-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.06.021 [doi]
AB  - The ability of (4,4)-armchair CNT and its three phosphate functionalized forms 
      (CNT-nH(2)PO(4), n=1-3) were evaluated as novel drug delivery systems (DDSs) for 
      the two commercially well-known anti-osteoporosis drugs namely alendronate (AL) 
      and etidronate (ET). For this purpose, the DFT calculations were accomplished at 
      both B3LYP and B3PW91 levels using 6-31g(d) basis set. The binding energy was 
      increased by increasing number of H(2)PO(4) moieties attached on the CNT with the 
      most negative binding energy was measured for the carrier containing three 
      phosphate groups. The dipole moments of all phosphate containing CNTs were much 
      greater ( approximately 2.2-4.4D) than that of pristine CNT ( approximately 0D). The contour maps proved that 
      when the CNT was functionalized by H(2)PO(4) groups, the symmetric distribution 
      of electric charge was vanished with the charge distribution was the highest 
      asymmetric for the CNT-2H(2)PO(4) while it was the lowest asymmetric for 
      CNT-3H(2)PO(4) leading to the greatest dipole moment for the CNT-2H(2)PO(4) 
      (4.177D) while the smallest dipole moment for the CNT-3H(2)PO(4) (1.614D). Among 
      all compounds, those containing the CNT-3H(2)PO(4) exhibited the smallest band 
      gap energy, chemical potential and hardness but the greatest electronegativity 
      and electrophilicity index which were all suitable and effective for the 
      attachment of drugs onto the bone surface (having partial positive charge due to 
      the presence of Ca(2+) as CaCO(3)) and therefore inhibiting the osteoporosis. 
      Consequently, it was established that the drug-CNT-3H(2)PO(4) was the most 
      appropriate drug-carrier compound for both of the AL and ET drugs and it could be 
      used as the most effective drug vehicle. The attachment of AL, ET drugs as well 
      as the AL-CNT-3H(2)PO(4) and ET-CNT-3H(2)PO(4) drug-carrier systems to the bone 
      tissue was modelled by optimization of the structures of these compounds bonded 
      to the hydroxyapatite (HA)-17water (w). It was found that among these four 
      systems, the AL-CNT-3H(2)PO(4) could be suggested as the most suitable DDS for 
      application in the treatment of osteoporosis.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Nikfar, Zahra
AU  - Nikfar Z
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), 
      P.O. Box:15875-4413, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Shariatinia, Zahra
AU  - Shariatinia Z
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), 
      P.O. Box:15875-4413, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: shariati@aut.ac.ir.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20170708
PL  - United States
TA  - J Mol Graph Model
JT  - Journal of molecular graphics & modelling
JID - 9716237
RN  - 0 (Drug Carriers)
RN  - 0 (Phosphates)
RN  - 91D9GV0Z28 (Durapatite)
RN  - M2F465ROXU (Etidronic Acid)
RN  - X1J18R4W8P (Alendronate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alendronate/*chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Drug Carriers/*chemistry
MH  - Drug Delivery Systems/methods
MH  - Durapatite/chemistry
MH  - Etidronic Acid/*chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Osteoporosis/*drug therapy
MH  - Phosphates/*chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - (4,4)-Armchair CNT
OT  - Anti-osteoporosis drug
OT  - DFT computations
OT  - Drug delivery
OT  - Phosphate functionalization
EDAT- 2017/07/19 06:00
MHDA- 2018/05/03 06:00
CRDT- 2017/07/19 06:00
PHST- 2017/03/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/06/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/06/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/07/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/05/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/07/19 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S1093-3263(17)30175-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.06.021 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Mol Graph Model. 2017 Sep;76:86-105. doi: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.06.021. Epub 2017 
      Jul 8.