PMID- 28734548 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171011 LR - 20180319 IS - 1873-135X (Electronic) IS - 0027-5107 (Linking) VI - 803-805 DP - 2017 Oct TI - Ubiquitin-like modifications in the DNA damage response. PG - 56-75 LID - S0027-5107(17)30080-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2017.07.001 [doi] AB - Genomic DNA is damaged at an extremely high frequency by both endogenous and environmental factors. An improper response to DNA damage can lead to genome instability, accelerate the aging process and ultimately cause various human diseases, including cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. The mechanisms that underlie the cellular DNA damage response (DDR) are complex and are regulated at many levels, including at the level of post-translational modification (PTM). Since the discovery of ubiquitin in 1975 and ubiquitylation as a form of PTM in the early 1980s, a number of ubiquitin-like modifiers (UBLs) have been identified, including small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs), neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8 (NEDD8), interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-F adjacent transcript 10 (FAT10), ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFRM1), URM1 ubiquitin-related modifier-1 (URM1), autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12), autophagy-related protein 8 (ATG8), fan ubiquitin-like protein 1 (FUB1) and histone mono-ubiquitylation 1 (HUB1). All of these modifiers have known roles in the cellular response to various forms of stress, and delineating their underlying molecular mechanisms and functions is fundamental in enhancing our understanding of human disease and longevity. To date, however, the molecular mechanisms and functions of these UBLs in the DDR remain largely unknown. This review summarizes the current status of PTMs by UBLs in the DDR and their implication in cancer diagnosis, therapy and drug discovery. CI - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Wang, Zhifeng AU - Wang Z AD - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China. FAU - Zhu, Wei-Guo AU - Zhu WG AD - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China. FAU - Xu, Xingzhi AU - Xu X AD - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response, Capital Normal University College of Life Sciences, Beijing 100048, China. Electronic address: Xingzhi.Xu@szu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20170711 PL - Netherlands TA - Mutat Res JT - Mutation research JID - 0400763 RN - 0 (ATG12 protein, human) RN - 0 (Autophagy-Related Protein 12) RN - 0 (Autophagy-Related Proteins) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (NEDD8 Protein) RN - 0 (NEDD8 protein, human) RN - 0 (Proteins) RN - 0 (SUMO-1 Protein) RN - 0 (UBD protein, human) RN - 0 (UFM1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Ubiquitins) RN - 0 (Urm1 protein, human) RN - 60267-61-0 (ISG15 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Autophagy-Related Protein 12/genetics/metabolism MH - Autophagy-Related Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Cytokines/genetics/metabolism MH - *DNA Damage MH - Down-Regulation MH - Drug Discovery MH - Humans MH - NEDD8 Protein MH - Neoplasms/drug therapy/genetics MH - Protein Processing, Post-Translational MH - Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - SUMO-1 Protein/genetics/metabolism MH - *Ubiquitination MH - Ubiquitins/genetics/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - DNA damage response OT - FATylation OT - ISGylation OT - NEDDylation OT - SUMOylation OT - UFMylation OT - Ubiquitin-like modifiers (UBLs) EDAT- 2017/07/25 06:00 MHDA- 2017/10/12 06:00 CRDT- 2017/07/24 06:00 PHST- 2017/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/06/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/07/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/07/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/10/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/07/24 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0027-5107(17)30080-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2017.07.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mutat Res. 2017 Oct;803-805:56-75. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2017.07.001. Epub 2017 Jul 11.