PMID- 28743163 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171127 LR - 20181202 IS - 1934-6638 (Electronic) IS - 1934-662X (Linking) VI - 125 IP - 11 DP - 2017 Nov TI - ALK and ROS1 testing on lung cancer cytologic samples: Perspectives. PG - 817-830 LID - 10.1002/cncy.21899 [doi] AB - Cytologic sampling is the mainstay of diagnosing advanced lung cancer. Moreover, to select patients for personalized first-line or second-line treatment, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) rearrangements are tested on cytologic preparations. Commercially available fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunocytochemistry (ICC) assays have primarily been used for the identification of cells harboring ALK or ROS1 gene fusions on histologic rather than cytologic preparations. However, it is now recognized that FISH and ICC also can be applied on cytologic samples provided the cytopathologist is aware that FISH and ICC results are not always concordant and that the performance of ICC largely depends on antibody clones, signal detection systems, and scoring systems. Notably, the routine clinical use of FISH and ICC may be replaced by emerging next-generation sequencing and digital, color-coded barcode technologies, which have the advantage of simultaneously evaluating ALK, ROS1, and EGFR alterations in a single analysis. Although their use in clinical cytologic practice remains to be fully established, it is conceivable that this technology will replace both FISH and ICC analyses in future diagnostic algorithms. Here, the authors review studies devoted to testing ALK and ROS1 on cytology specimens in an attempt to provide an update for the cytopathologist regarding current and evolving practice. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:817-30. (c) 2017 American Cancer Society. CI - (c) 2017 American Cancer Society. FAU - Pisapia, Pasquale AU - Pisapia P AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Lozano, Maria D AU - Lozano MD AD - Department of Pathology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. FAU - Vigliar, Elena AU - Vigliar E AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Bellevicine, Claudio AU - Bellevicine C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7479-6457 AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Pepe, Francesco AU - Pepe F AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Malapelle, Umberto AU - Malapelle U AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Troncone, Giancarlo AU - Troncone G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1630-5805 AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170725 PL - United States TA - Cancer Cytopathol JT - Cancer cytopathology JID - 101499453 RN - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (ALK protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (ErbB Receptors) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Protein-Tyrosine Kinases) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (ROS1 protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases) SB - IM CIN - Cancer Cytopathol. 2017 Nov;125(11):877. PMID: 28892267 CIN - Cancer Cytopathol. 2017 Nov;125(11):876. PMID: 28892280 MH - Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase MH - ErbB Receptors/*genetics/metabolism MH - Gene Rearrangement MH - Humans MH - Immunohistochemistry/methods MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods MH - Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis/*genetics/metabolism MH - Mutation MH - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*genetics/metabolism MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*genetics/metabolism MH - Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*genetics/metabolism MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Sensitivity and Specificity OTO - NOTNLM OT - anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements OT - c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) rearrangements OT - cytopathology OT - lung cancer OT - nCounter EDAT- 2017/07/26 06:00 MHDA- 2017/11/29 06:00 CRDT- 2017/07/26 06:00 PHST- 2017/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/07/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/07/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/07/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/11/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/07/26 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/cncy.21899 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Cytopathol. 2017 Nov;125(11):817-830. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21899. Epub 2017 Jul 25.