PMID- 28743199
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180924
LR  - 20180924
IS  - 1556-9535 (Electronic)
IS  - 1556-9527 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 2
DP  - 2018 Jun
TI  - 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine causes cytotoxicity on 661W cells through 
      inducing macrophage polarization.
PG  - 143-150
LID - 10.1080/15569527.2017.1359838 [doi]
AB  - The abuse of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a psychedelic drug, can 
      lead to a variety of disorders in neural system, including the death of retinal 
      neural cells. MDMA at lower doses does not cause obvious cytotoxicity to 
      photoreceptor cells, indicating potential indirect mechanisms which have not yet 
      been elucidated. This study investigated the effect of MDMA at nontoxic 
      concentration on macrophage activation state and its resultant toxicity to 
      photoreceptor cells. Using a co-culture system, cytotoxicity was caused by MDMA 
      on 661W cells after co-culturing with RAW264.7 macrophage. Results showed that 
      MDMA induced the macrophages to M1 polarization, releasing more pro-inflammatory 
      cytokines, upregulating the M1-related gene and protein expression. The 
      phenotype, secretion pattern, and cytotoxicity of the macrophages treated by MDMA 
      are comparable to those of the ones stimulated by IFNgamma and LPS. Our study 
      demonstrated that MDMA promoted macrophage polarization to M1 and induced 
      inflammatory response, providing the scientific rationale for the photoreceptor 
      cell damage caused by the MDMA abuse.
FAU - Liu, Xin
AU  - Liu X
AD  - a Department of Ophthalmology , Daqing Oil General Hospital , Daqing , People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Zhan, Li-Hui
AU  - Zhan LH
AD  - b Department of Ophthalmology , Daqing People's Hospital , Daqing , People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Sun, Xiao-Hong
AU  - Sun XH
AD  - a Department of Ophthalmology , Daqing Oil General Hospital , Daqing , People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Zhang, Tao
AU  - Zhang T
AD  - c Department of Ophthalmology , Secondary People's Hospital of Mudanjiang City , 
      Mudanjiang City , People's Republic of China.
FAU - Liu, Zhi-Li
AU  - Liu ZL
AD  - d Department of Opthalmology , Dashiqiao Central Hospital , Yingkou , People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Liang, Xiao-Fang
AU  - Liang XF
AD  - e Department of Ophthalmology , Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to the 
      Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.
FAU - Zhao, Fei
AU  - Zhao F
AD  - f Department of Ophthalmology , Shenyang Red Cross Hospital , Shenyang , People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Liu, Fang
AU  - Liu F
AD  - a Department of Ophthalmology , Daqing Oil General Hospital , Daqing , People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Zeng, Guang
AU  - Zeng G
AD  - a Department of Ophthalmology , Daqing Oil General Hospital , Daqing , People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Luan, Chun-Sheng
AU  - Luan CS
AD  - a Department of Ophthalmology , Daqing Oil General Hospital , Daqing , People's 
      Republic of China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170816
PL  - England
TA  - Cutan Ocul Toxicol
JT  - Cutaneous and ocular toxicology
JID - 101266892
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
RN  - 9007-43-6 (Cytochromes c)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Coculture Techniques
MH  - Cytochromes c/metabolism
MH  - Cytokines/genetics/metabolism
MH  - DNA Damage
MH  - Hallucinogens/*toxicity
MH  - Macrophages/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
MH  - Mice
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*toxicity
MH  - RAW 264.7 Cells
MH  - Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3,4-Methylenedioxymeth-amphetamine
OT  - 661W cells
OT  - inflammatory response
OT  - macrophage
OT  - photoreceptor cell damage
EDAT- 2017/07/27 06:00
MHDA- 2018/09/25 06:00
CRDT- 2017/07/27 06:00
PHST- 2017/07/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/09/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/07/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/15569527.2017.1359838 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2018 Jun;37(2):143-150. doi: 10.1080/15569527.2017.1359838. 
      Epub 2017 Aug 16.