PMID- 28754023
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180102
LR  - 20240109
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 7
DP  - 2017 Jul 21
TI  - Dissipation and Residues of Pyrethrins in Leaf Lettuce under Greenhouse and Open 
      Field Conditions.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph14070822 [doi]
LID - 822
AB  - Pyrethrins are nowadays widely used for prevention and control of insects in leaf 
      lettuce. However, there is a concern about the pesticide residue in leaf lettuce. 
      A reliable analytical method for determination of pyrethrins (pyrethrin-and capital PE, Cyrillic, 
      cinerin capital I, Ukrainian and capital PE, Cyrillic, and jasmolin capital I, Ukrainian and capital PE, Cyrillic) in leaf lettuce was developed by using gas 
      chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Recoveries of pyrethrins in leaf 
      lettuce at three spiking levels were 99.4-104.0% with relative standard 
      deviations of 0.9-3.1% (n = 5). Evaluation of dissipation and final residues of 
      pyrethrins in leaf lettuce were determined at six different locations, including 
      the open field, as well as under greenhouse conditions. The initial concentration 
      of pyrethrins in greenhouse (0.57 mg/kg) was higher than in open field (0.25 
      mg/kg) and the half-life for pyrethrins disappearance in field lettuce (0.7 days) 
      was less than that greenhouse lettuce (1.1 days). Factors such as rainfall, solar 
      radiation, wind speed, and crop growth rate are likely to have caused these 
      results. The final residue in leaf lettuce was far below the maximum residue 
      limits (MRLs) (1 mg/kg established by the European Union (EU), Australia, Korea, 
      Japan).
FAU - Pan, Lixiang
AU  - Pan L
AD  - College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. 
      panlixiang5545@cau.edu.cn.
FAU - Feng, Xiaoxiao
AU  - Feng X
AD  - College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. 
      xxf0423@cau.edu.cn.
FAU - Zhang, Hongyan
AU  - Zhang H
AD  - College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. 
      hongyan@cau.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170721
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Environment, Controlled
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Half-Life
MH  - Lactuca/*chemistry
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*chemistry
MH  - Pesticides/*chemistry
MH  - Pyrethrins/*chemistry
PMC - PMC5551260
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GC/MS
OT  - dissipation
OT  - leaf lettuce
OT  - pyrethrins
OT  - residue
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2017/07/30 06:00
MHDA- 2018/01/03 06:00
PMCR- 2017/07/01
CRDT- 2017/07/30 06:00
PHST- 2017/06/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/07/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/07/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/07/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/07/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/01/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijerph14070822 [pii]
AID - ijerph-14-00822 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph14070822 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Jul 21;14(7):822. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph14070822.