PMID- 28768508
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180228
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1471-2458 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2458 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Aug 2
TI  - Successive monitoring surveys of selected banned and restricted pesticide 
      residues in vegetables from the northwest region of China from 2011 to 2013.
PG  - 91
LID - 10.1186/s12889-017-4632-x [doi]
LID - 91
AB  - BACKGROUND: A wide range of pesticides is applied for crop protection in 
      vegetable cultivation in China. Regulation of pesticide maximum residue limits 
      (MRLs) in vegetables is established but not fully enforced. And pesticide 
      residues in vegetables were not well monitored. This study conducted the 
      monitoring surveys from 2011 to 2013 to investigate the pesticides in vegetables 
      in the northwest region of China. METHODS: A multi-residue gas 
      chromatography/mass spectrometry method (GC/MS) was used in determination of 
      pesticides in vegetable samples. The chi(2) test was used to compare the 
      concentration of pesticide residues. RESULTS: A total of 32 pesticide residues 
      were detected in 518 samples from 20 types of vegetables in this study. 7.7% of 
      the detected pesticide residues exceeded the MRLs. The percentages of residues 
      that exceeded the MRLs for leafy, melon and fruit, and root vegetables were 
      11.2%, 5.1%, and 1.6%, respectively. There was no seasonal difference in the 
      proportion of samples that exceeded the MRLs in different vegetables. A total of 
      84.3% (27/32) pesticides were detected at concentrations that exceeded MRLs. And 
      of the 27 pesticides that exceeded the MRLs, 11 (40.7%) were banned for use in 
      agriculture. The most frequently detected pesticides were Malathion (9.4%), 
      Dichlorvos (8.7%), and Dimethoate (8.1%). CONCLUSION: The observed high rate of 
      pesticides detected and high incidence of pesticide detection exceeding their 
      MRLs in the commonly consumed vegetables indicated that the Good Agricultural 
      Practices (GAP) may not be well followed. The management of pesticide use and 
      control should be improved. Well-developed training programs should be initiated 
      to improve pesticide application knowledge for farmers.
FAU - Yu, Yan
AU  - Yu Y
AD  - Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.76#, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 
      Shannxi, 710061, China.
FAU - Hu, Senke
AU  - Hu S
AD  - Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.76#, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 
      Shannxi, 710061, China.
FAU - Yang, Yuxuan
AU  - Yang Y
AD  - Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.76#, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 
      Shannxi, 710061, China.
FAU - Zhao, Xiaodan
AU  - Zhao X
AD  - Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.76#, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 
      Shannxi, 710061, China.
FAU - Xue, Jianjun
AU  - Xue J
AD  - The first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277#, Yanta Road, 
      Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
FAU - Zhang, Jinghua
AU  - Zhang J
AD  - Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.76#, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 
      Shannxi, 710061, China.
FAU - Gao, Song
AU  - Gao S
AD  - Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.76#, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 
      Shannxi, 710061, China.
FAU - Yang, Aimin
AU  - Yang A
AD  - The first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277#, Yanta Road, 
      Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China. 892774751@qq.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170802
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Public Health
JT  - BMC public health
JID - 100968562
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
EIN - BMC Public Health. 2017 Sep 22;17 (1):736. PMID: 28938882
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - China
MH  - Food Contamination/analysis
MH  - Fruit/*chemistry
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
MH  - Pesticides/analysis
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Vegetables/*chemistry
PMC - PMC5541726
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - MRLs
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Residues
OT  - Vegetables
COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Not applicable. CONSENT FOR 
      PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they 
      have no competing interests. PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral 
      with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional 
      affiliations.
EDAT- 2017/08/05 06:00
MHDA- 2018/03/01 06:00
PMCR- 2017/08/02
CRDT- 2017/08/04 06:00
PHST- 2016/12/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/07/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/08/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/08/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/03/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/08/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-017-4632-x [pii]
AID - 4632 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-017-4632-x [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Public Health. 2017 Aug 2;18(1):91. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4632-x.