PMID- 28792421
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171103
LR  - 20171103
IS  - 0177-5103 (Print)
IS  - 0177-5103 (Linking)
VI  - 125
IP  - 3
DP  - 2017 Aug 9
TI  - Mass mortalities of unknown aetiology in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in 
      Port Stephens, New South Wales, Australia.
PG  - 227-242
LID - 10.3354/dao03146 [doi]
AB  - From January to June 2013 and November to January 2014, mass mortalities were 
      reported in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas cultivated in Port Stephens 
      estuary, New South Wales, Australia. In some cases, 100% mortality was reported 
      in both triploid and diploid C. gigas, although native species of oyster 
      cultivated in the same areas remained unaffected. Histological examination of 
      oysters sampled from the time of mortality events revealed consistent but 
      non-specific pathology, involving a diffuse haemocytic infiltrate in the 
      connective tissue surrounding the digestive gland, extending into the mantle in 
      some instances, but no other signs of any infectious aetiological agent. We 
      conducted a structured survey in early January 2014 to compare samples of C. 
      gigas from affected and unaffected areas by bacteriology and histopathology. 
      Quantitative PCR excluded involvement of ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) in these 
      mortality events. To determine whether a directly transmissible aetiological 
      agent was responsible for the mortalities, naive C. gigas sourced from an estuary 
      where no evidence of mortality was reported were challenged with material derived 
      from affected oysters. Significant mortality was only observed in naive C. gigas 
      directly inoculated with purified cultures of Vibrio spp. isolated from affected 
      oysters, but this could not be replicated by cohabitation with naive C. gigas. 
      Analysis of environmental data indicated that mortality events generally 
      coincided with periods of low salinity and high temperature. The results from 
      this study suggest that the cause of the mortality events was multifactorial in 
      nature and not due to any single directly transmissible aetiological agent.
FAU - Go, Jeffrey
AU  - Go J
AD  - Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, 
      Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia.
FAU - Deutscher, Ania T
AU  - Deutscher AT
FAU - Spiers, Zoe B
AU  - Spiers ZB
FAU - Dahle, Kirk
AU  - Dahle K
FAU - Kirkland, Peter D
AU  - Kirkland PD
FAU - Jenkins, Cheryl
AU  - Jenkins C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Germany
TA  - Dis Aquat Organ
JT  - Diseases of aquatic organisms
JID - 8807037
RN  - 0 (DNA, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bacteria/isolation & purification
MH  - *Crassostrea
MH  - DNA, Viral/isolation & purification
MH  - Environment
MH  - Herpesviridae
MH  - New South Wales
MH  - Parasites
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Aquaculture
OT  - Bivalve
OT  - Crassostrea gigas
OT  - Environmental stress
OT  - Summer mortality
OT  - Vibrio
EDAT- 2017/08/10 06:00
MHDA- 2017/11/04 06:00
CRDT- 2017/08/10 06:00
PHST- 2017/08/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/08/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/11/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3354/dao03146 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Dis Aquat Organ. 2017 Aug 9;125(3):227-242. doi: 10.3354/dao03146.