PMID- 28836730
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180629
LR  - 20211204
IS  - 1755-5922 (Electronic)
IS  - 1755-5914 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 6
DP  - 2017 Dec
TI  - Iron deficiency in heart failure: Efficacy and safety of intravenous iron 
      therapy.
LID - 10.1111/1755-5922.12301 [doi]
AB  - AIM: To discuss the pathophysiology of iron metabolism in chronic heart failure 
      (CHF) and the current knowledge of the efficacy of intravenous (IV) iron therapy 
      in patients with CHF and identify points of controversy as well as highlight 
      areas for future research. DISCUSSION: Iron deficiency is a recognized 
      complication of many chronic conditions. Numerous studies have reported that iron 
      deficiency is highly prevalent in patients with CHF and is associated with 
      exercise intolerance, reduced quality of life, and increased risk of 
      hospitalization and mortality. Several small studies have demonstrated IV iron to 
      be associated with improvements in symptoms, exercise capacity, quality of life, 
      renal function, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class and left 
      ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and reduction in NT-pro-brain natriuretic 
      peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with CHF and iron deficiency. Two larger-scale 
      trials confirming these results (FAIR-HF and CONFIRM-HF) have led to guideline 
      recommendations that IV iron therapy should be considered in patients with CHF 
      with reduced ejection fraction and iron deficiency (serum ferritin <100 mug/L, or 
      ferritin between 100 and 299 mug/L with transferrin saturation <20%) to provide 
      symptomatic relief and improve exercise capacity and quality of life. CONCLUSION: 
      Intravenous iron therapy improves symptoms, exercise capacity, and quality of 
      life, at least in the short-to-intermediate time. However, there are still 
      currently no standardized criteria used to define iron deficiency and the 
      underlying mechanism of iron deficiency in CHF remains incompletely understood. 
      Further work is required to improve the ability to identify iron deficiency in 
      patients with CHF and evaluate the effect of iron repletion on hard endpoints 
      including hospitalization and mortality.
CI  - (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Kang, Chan-Keat
AU  - Kang CK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1806-5553
AD  - Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical 
      School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
FAU - Pope, Michael
AU  - Pope M
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK.
FAU - Lang, Chim C
AU  - Lang CC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4530-3078
AD  - Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical 
      School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
FAU - Kalra, Paul R
AU  - Kalra PR
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20170925
PL  - England
TA  - Cardiovasc Ther
JT  - Cardiovascular therapeutics
JID - 101319630
RN  - 0 (Iron Compounds)
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
MH  - Heart Failure/*etiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Injections, Intravenous
MH  - Iron/*therapeutic use
MH  - Iron Compounds/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use
MH  - *Iron Deficiencies
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Anemia
OT  - Heart failure
OT  - Iron deficiency
OT  - Iron therapy
EDAT- 2017/08/25 06:00
MHDA- 2018/06/30 06:00
CRDT- 2017/08/25 06:00
PHST- 2017/06/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/08/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/08/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/08/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/06/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/08/25 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/1755-5922.12301 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cardiovasc Ther. 2017 Dec;35(6). doi: 10.1111/1755-5922.12301. Epub 2017 Sep 25.