PMID- 28837084 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180608 LR - 20231112 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 9 DP - 2017 Aug 24 TI - Consumption of Low-Calorie Sweetened Beverages Compared to Water Is Associated with Reduced Intake of Carbohydrates and Sugar, with No Adverse Relationships to Glycemic Responses: Results from the 2001-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. LID - 10.3390/nu9090928 [doi] LID - 928 AB - Although the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee concluded that there was moderate evidence that substituting sugar-containing sweeteners with low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) reduces calorie intake and weight, dietary recommendations encourage substituting only water for sugar-sweetened beverages during weight management. This cross-sectional study evaluated the relation of water and no- and low-calorie sweetened beverage (LCSB) intake with nutrient intakes and prediabetes criteria using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2012 in 25,817 adults that were free of diabetes. Although linear trends were observed with both beverages, higher LCSB intake was associated with significantly lower consumption of carbohydrates (-9.1 g/day vs. -1.4 g/day), total sugars (-10.9 g/day vs. -2.2 g/day), and added sugars (-2.0 tsp eq vs. -0.8 tsp eq) than those associated with higher water intake. Higher intake of both beverages was significantly associated with lower insulin levels (p < 0.01); however, higher intake of LCSB was also associated with lower hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and lower homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p < 0.01). We observed lower odds ratios for elevated HbA1c (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.79, 95% CI 0.64-0.98), HOMA-IR (0.68, 0.53-0.87), and insulin levels (0.63, 0.49-0.80) in LCSB among the higher (2+ servings) intake group compared to the lowest (<1 serving) intake group. Contrary to conventional wisdom, LCSB consumption was associated with equal, if not better, dietary intake and glycemic response than water consumption. Although observational in nature, these results contribute to the growing body of evidence from human studies suggesting that in addition to water, LCSBs can also be sensible choices for reducing sugars and carbohydrate intake, with no adverse associations to measures of glycemic response. FAU - Leahy, Marge AU - Leahy M AD - Food, Nutrition and Policy Consultant, Fort Myers Beach, FL 33931, USA. margeleahy@yahoo.com. FAU - Ratliff, Joseph C AU - Ratliff JC AD - Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, 5301 Legacy Drive, Plano, TX 75024, USA. joseph.ratliff@dpsg.com. FAU - Riedt, Claudia S AU - Riedt CS AD - Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, 5301 Legacy Drive, Plano, TX 75024, USA. claudia.riedt@dpsg.com. FAU - Fulgoni, Victor L AU - Fulgoni VL AD - Nutrition Impact, LLC, 9725 D Drive North, Battle Creek, MI 49014, USA. vic3rd@aol.com. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170824 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Dietary Sugars) RN - 0 (Drinking Water) RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A) RN - 0 (Insulin) RN - 0 (hemoglobin A1c protein, human) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - *Beverages/adverse effects MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Blood Glucose/*metabolism MH - *Caloric Restriction/adverse effects MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Dietary Sugars/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - *Drinking MH - Drinking Water/*administration & dosage MH - Feeding Behavior MH - Female MH - Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Insulin/blood MH - Least-Squares Analysis MH - Logistic Models MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Odds Ratio MH - Prediabetic State/blood/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Recommended Dietary Allowances MH - Risk Factors MH - United States/epidemiology PMC - PMC5622688 OTO - NOTNLM OT - National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey OT - beverages OT - diet drinks OT - low-calorie sweeteners OT - prediabetes COIS- M.L. acts as a consultant on food science, nutrition, and policy issues for the food and beverage industry and other organizations and holds stocks in food and beverage companies. J.C.R. and C.S.R. are employees of Dr. Pepper Snapple Group. V.L.F. consults with members of the food industry and conducts analyses of NHANES for numerous companies and organizations. This study was funded by the Dr. Pepper Snapple Group. The funders of the study played a role in the study design, data interpretation, and writing of the report. The funders of the study had no role in data collection or data analysis. The views and opinions expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of Dr. Pepper Snapple Group. EDAT- 2017/08/25 06:00 MHDA- 2018/06/09 06:00 PMCR- 2017/09/01 CRDT- 2017/08/25 06:00 PHST- 2017/07/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/08/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/08/25 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/08/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/06/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu9090928 [pii] AID - nutrients-09-00928 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu9090928 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2017 Aug 24;9(9):928. doi: 10.3390/nu9090928.