PMID- 28838355
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180405
LR  - 20180405
IS  - 0065-2660 (Print)
IS  - 0065-2660 (Linking)
VI  - 97
DP  - 2017
TI  - Sixteen Years of Meiotic Silencing by Unpaired DNA.
PG  - 1-42
LID - S0065-2660(16)30067-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/bs.adgen.2016.11.001 [doi]
AB  - The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa possesses a process called meiotic 
      silencing by unpaired DNA (MSUD). MSUD has a remarkable ability to scan 
      homologous chromosomes for unpaired DNA during meiosis. After unpaired DNA is 
      identified, MSUD silences all RNA from the unpaired DNA along with any RNA 
      transcribed from homologous sequences at other locations in the genome, 
      regardless of their pairing state. The mechanism by which unpaired DNA is 
      detected is unknown. Unpaired DNA segments can be as short as 1.3kb, if not 
      shorter, and DNA sequences with only a small level of polymorphism (6%) can be 
      considered unpaired by MSUD. MSUD research has identified nine proteins required 
      for full efficiency of the process, three of which are homologs of the canonical 
      RNA interference (RNAi) proteins Dicer, Argonaute, and RNA-dependent RNA 
      polymerase. Most MSUD proteins, including the RNAi homologs, appear to dock 
      outside of the nuclear envelope during early stages of meiosis. Only two have 
      been observed inside the nucleus, a low number given that the identification of 
      unpaired DNA and the triggering of silencing must begin within this location. 
      These two proteins may participate in the unpaired DNA detection process. Recent 
      evidence indicates that the search for unpaired DNA is spatially constrained, 
      possibly because of restrictions on the arrangement of chromatin loops during or 
      after homolog pairing. This review attempts to provide a complete analysis of 
      past, present, and future directions of MSUD research, starting with its 
      discovery during a search for a conserved regulator of fungal development and 
      ending with some benefits the process may provide to MSUD capable organisms.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Hammond, T M
AU  - Hammond TM
AD  - Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States. Electronic address: 
      tmhammo@ilstu.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20161229
PL  - United States
TA  - Adv Genet
JT  - Advances in genetics
JID - 0370421
RN  - 0 (DNA, Fungal)
RN  - 0 (Fungal Proteins)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Small Interfering)
SB  - IM
MH  - Chromosomes, Fungal
MH  - DNA, Fungal/*genetics
MH  - Epigenesis, Genetic
MH  - Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - *Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
MH  - *Gene Silencing
MH  - Genes, Fungal
MH  - Meiosis/*genetics
MH  - Neurospora crassa/genetics/growth & development
MH  - RNA Interference
MH  - RNA, Small Interfering
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chromosome
OT  - Epigenetics
OT  - Fungi
OT  - Gene
OT  - Homology search
OT  - Meiosis
OT  - Pairing
OT  - Silencing
EDAT- 2017/08/26 06:00
MHDA- 2018/04/06 06:00
CRDT- 2017/08/26 06:00
PHST- 2017/08/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/08/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/04/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0065-2660(16)30067-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/bs.adgen.2016.11.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Adv Genet. 2017;97:1-42. doi: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2016.11.001. Epub 2016 Dec 29.