PMID- 28846565
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180326
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1530-0315 (Electronic)
IS  - 0195-9131 (Print)
IS  - 0195-9131 (Linking)
VI  - 50
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Jan
TI  - Swimming Training Reduces Neuroma Pain by Regulating Neurotrophins.
PG  - 54-61
LID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001411 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Neuroma formation after peripheral nerve transection leads to 
      severe neuropathic pain in amputees. Previous studies suggested that physical 
      exercise could bring beneficial effect on alleviating neuropathic pain. However, 
      the effect of exercise on neuroma pain still remained unclear. In addition, 
      long-term exercise can affect the expression of neurotrophins (NT), such as nerve 
      growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which play key 
      roles in nociceptor sensitization and nerve sprouting after nerve injury. Here, 
      we investigated whether long-term swimming exercise could relieve neuroma pain by 
      modulating NT expression. METHODS: We used a tibial neuroma transposition (TNT) 
      rat model to mimic neuroma pain. After TNT surgery, rats performed swimming 
      exercise for 5 wk. Neuroma pain and tactile sensitivities were detected using von 
      Frey filaments. Immunofluorescence was applied to analyze neuroma formation. NGF 
      and BDNF expressions in peripheral neuroma, dorsal root ganglion, and the spinal 
      cord were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. 
      RESULTS: TNT led to neuroma formation, induced neuroma pain, and mechanical 
      allodynia in hind paw. Five-week swimming exercise inhibited neuroma formation 
      and relieved mechanical allodynia in the hind paw and neuroma pain in the lateral 
      ankle. The analgesic effect lasted for at least 1 wk, even when the exercise 
      ceased. TNT elevated the expressions of BDNF and NGF in peripheral neuroma, 
      dorsal root ganglion, and the spinal cord to different extents. Swimming also 
      decreased the elevation of NT expression. CONCLUSIONS: Swimming exercise not only 
      inhibits neuroma formation induced by nerve transection but also relieves pain 
      behavior. These effects might be associated with the modulation of NT.
FAU - Tian, Jinge
AU  - Tian J
AD  - 1Pain Management Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's 
      Hospital, Shanghai, CHINA; 2Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated 
      Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, CHINA; and 3Center for Translational 
      Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 
      Durham, NC.
FAU - Yu, Tingting
AU  - Yu T
FAU - Xu, Yongming
AU  - Xu Y
FAU - Pu, Shaofeng
AU  - Pu S
FAU - Lv, Yingying
AU  - Lv Y
FAU - Zhang, Xin
AU  - Zhang X
FAU - DU, Dongping
AU  - DU D
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Med Sci Sports Exerc
JT  - Medicine and science in sports and exercise
JID - 8005433
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 9061-61-4 (Nerve Growth Factor)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
MH  - Exercise Therapy
MH  - Ganglia, Spinal/*metabolism
MH  - Hyperalgesia
MH  - Male
MH  - Nerve Growth Factor/*metabolism
MH  - Neuralgia/*therapy
MH  - Neuroma/metabolism/*physiopathology
MH  - Pain Measurement
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - *Swimming
PMC - PMC5757647
EDAT- 2017/08/29 06:00
MHDA- 2018/03/27 06:00
PMCR- 2018/01/08
CRDT- 2017/08/29 06:00
PHST- 2017/08/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/03/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/08/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/01/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - MSS50749 [pii]
AID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001411 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018 Jan;50(1):54-61. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001411.