PMID- 28871222 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220408 IS - 1663-4365 (Print) IS - 1663-4365 (Electronic) IS - 1663-4365 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2017 TI - Reproducibility of Single-Pulse, Paired-Pulse, and Intermittent Theta-Burst TMS Measures in Healthy Aging, Type-2 Diabetes, and Alzheimer's Disease. PG - 263 LID - 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00263 [doi] LID - 263 AB - Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be used to assess neurophysiology and the mechanisms of cortical brain plasticity in humans in vivo. As the use of these measures in specific populations (e.g., Alzheimer's disease; AD) increases, it is critical to understand their reproducibility (i.e., test-retest reliability) in the populations of interest. Objective: Reproducibility of TMS measures was evaluated in older adults, including healthy, AD, and Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) groups. Methods: Participants received two identical neurophysiological assessments within a year including motor thresholds, baseline motor evoked potentials (MEPs), short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI, LICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF), and MEP changes following intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS). Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated to assess reproducibility. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to investigate factors related to intraindividual variability. Results: Reproducibility was highest for motor thresholds, followed by baseline MEPs, SICI and LICI, and was lowest for ICF and iTBS aftereffects. The AD group tended to show higher reproducibility than T2DM or controls. Intraindividual variability of baseline MEPs was related to age and variability of RMT, while the intraindividual variability in post-iTBS measures was related to baseline MEP variability, intervisit duration, and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) polymorphism. Conclusion: Increased reproducibility in AD may reflect pathophysiological declines in the efficacy of neuroplastic mechanisms. Reproducibility of iTBS aftereffects can be improved by keeping baseline MEPs consistent, controlling for BDNF genotype, and waiting at least a week between visits. Significance: These findings provide the first direct assessment of reproducibility of TMS measures in older clinical populations. Reproducibility coefficients may be used to adjust effect- and sample size calculations for future studies. FAU - Fried, Peter J AU - Fried PJ AD - Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Interventional Cognitive Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States. FAU - Jannati, Ali AU - Jannati A AD - Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Interventional Cognitive Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States. FAU - Davila-Perez, Paula AU - Davila-Perez P AD - Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Interventional Cognitive Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States. AD - Departamento de Medicina, Facultade de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade da CorunaA Coruna, Spain. FAU - Pascual-Leone, Alvaro AU - Pascual-Leone A AD - Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Interventional Cognitive Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States. AD - Institut Guttman de Neurorehabilitacio, Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain. LA - eng GR - R01 MH100186/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 NS085491/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 NS082870/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 NS073601/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 MH099196/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HD069776/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 RR025758/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170821 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Aging Neurosci JT - Frontiers in aging neuroscience JID - 101525824 PMC - PMC5566559 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Alzheimer's disease OT - Type-2 diabetes OT - aging OT - cortical plasticity OT - reproducibility of results OT - transcranial magnetic stimulation EDAT- 2017/09/06 06:00 MHDA- 2017/09/06 06:01 PMCR- 2017/01/01 CRDT- 2017/09/06 06:00 PHST- 2017/05/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/07/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/09/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/09/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/09/06 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2017/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00263 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Aging Neurosci. 2017 Aug 21;9:263. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00263. eCollection 2017.