PMID- 28884047
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 2095-3941 (Print)
IS  - 2095-3941 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 3
DP  - 2017 Aug
TI  - BsmI (rs1544410) and FokI (rs2228570) vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, smoking, 
      and body mass index as risk factors of cutaneous malignant melanoma in northeast 
      Italy.
PG  - 302-318
LID - 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0064 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: : To investigate whether vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) BsmI-rs1544410 
      and FokI-rs2228570 polymorphisms, smoking duration, and body mass index (BMI) are 
      risk factors for cutaneous melanoma, especially metastatic melanoma. METHODS: : 
      We studied 120 cutaneous melanoma cases [68 stage I and II non-metastatic 
      melanoma (NMetM) patients, plus 52 Stage III and IV metastatic melanoma (MetM) 
      patients], and 120 matching healthy controls from northeast Italy. VDR 
      polymorphisms were measured by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. 
      Absence or presence of BsmI and FokI restriction sites was denoted by " B" and " 
      F" or by " b" and " f," respectively. RESULTS: : VDR-BsmI bb genotype was more 
      frequent among MetM (32.7%) than among NMetM cases (13.2%), with odds ratio 
      (OR)=3.18. Comparison of all melanoma patients vs healthy controls showed that 
      the following biomarkers were at risk: >/=20 years of smoking (OR=2.43); >/=20 years 
      of smoking combined with bb (OR=4.78), Bb+bb (OR=2.30), Ff (OR=3.04), and Ff+ff 
      (OR=3.08); obesity (BMI>30 kg/m(2)) alone (OR=3.54); and obesity combined with 
      Bb+bb (OR=3.52), Ff (OR=4.78), and Ff+ff (OR=6.56). Comparison of MetM vs NMetM 
      patients revealed that the following biomarkers were at risk: >/=20 years of 
      smoking (OR=2.39), >/=20 years of smoking combined with bb (OR=5.13), Bb+bb 
      (OR=3.07), and Ff+ff (OR=2.66); and obesity combined with Bb+bb (OR=5.27), Ff 
      (OR=6.28), and Ff+ff (OR=9.18). Triple combination of >/=20 years of smoking, 
      obesity, and Bb+bb yielded OR=9.65 for melanoma patients vs healthy controls and 
      OR=12.2 for MetM vs. NMetM patients. CONCLUSIONS: : Risk factors for cutaneous 
      MetM include two VDR polymorphisms combined with smoking duration and obesity. 
      Results suggest gene-environment implications in melanoma susceptibility and 
      severity. Future studies in larger cohorts and in subjects with different genetic 
      background are warranted to extend our findings.
FAU - Cauci, Sabina
AU  - Cauci S
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.
FAU - Maione, Vincenzo
AU  - Maione V
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.
FAU - Buligan, Cinzia
AU  - Buligan C
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.
AD  - Dermatology Clinic University Hospital of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy.
FAU - Linussio, Martina
AU  - Linussio M
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.
FAU - Serraino, Diego
AU  - Serraino D
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.
FAU - Stinco, Giuseppe
AU  - Stinco G
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.
AD  - Dermatology Clinic University Hospital of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - China
TA  - Cancer Biol Med
JT  - Cancer biology & medicine
JID - 101588850
PMC - PMC5570607
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - VDR polymorphism
OT  - Vitamin D receptor
OT  - body mass index
OT  - cutaneous melanoma
OT  - metastatic melanoma
OT  - obesity
OT  - skin cancer
OT  - smoking
EDAT- 2017/09/09 06:00
MHDA- 2017/09/09 06:01
PMCR- 2017/08/01
CRDT- 2017/09/09 06:00
PHST- 2017/09/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/09/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/09/09 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - cbm-14-3-302 [pii]
AID - 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0064 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cancer Biol Med. 2017 Aug;14(3):302-318. doi: 
      10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0064.