PMID- 28893721 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171013 LR - 20200306 IS - 1552-9924 (Electronic) IS - 0091-6765 (Print) IS - 0091-6765 (Linking) VI - 125 IP - 7 DP - 2017 Jul 27 TI - Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter during Specific Gestational Periods Produces Adverse Obstetric Consequences in Mice. PG - 077020 LID - 10.1289/EHP1029 [doi] LID - 077020 AB - BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies associate inhalation of fine-sized particulate matter (PM(2.5)) during pregnancy with preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) but disagree over which time frames are most sensitive, or if effects are cumulative. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to provide experimental plausibility for epidemiological observations by testing the hypothesis that exposure to PM(2.5) during discrete periods of pregnancy results in PTB and LBW. METHODS: For the first study, timed-pregnant B6C3F1 mice were exposed to concentrated ambient PM(2.5) (CAPs) or filtered air (FA) throughout pregnancy [6 h/d from gestational day (GD) 0.5 through GD16.5]. A follow-up study examined the effects of CAPs exposure during discrete gestational periods (1: GD0.5-5.5; 2: GD6.5-14.5; 3: GD14.5-16.5; 4: GD0.5-16.5) aligning to milestones during human development. RESULTS: In the first experiment, exposure to 160 mug CAPs/m(3) throughout pregnancy decreased gestational term by 0.5 d ( approximately 1.1 wk decrease for humans) and birth weight by 11.4% compared with FA. The follow-up experiment investigated timing of CAPs exposure (mean concentrations at 178, 193, 171, and 173 mug/m(3) for periods 1-4, respectively). Pregnancy was significantly shortened (vs. FA) by approximately 0.4d when exposure occurred during gestational periods 2 and 4, and by approximately 0.5d if exposure occurred during period 3. Exposure during periods 1, 2, and 4 reduced birth weight by approximately 10% compared with FA, and placental weight was reduced ( approximately 8%) on GD17.5 if exposure occurred only during period 3. CONCLUSIONS: Adverse PM(2.5)-induced outcomes such as PTB and LBW are dependent upon the periods of maternal exposure. The results of these experimental studies could contribute significantly to air pollution policy decisions in the future. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1029. FAU - Blum, Jason L AU - Blum JL AD - Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine , Tuxedo, New York, USA. FAU - Chen, Lung-Chi AU - Chen LC AD - Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine , Tuxedo, New York, USA. FAU - Zelikoff, Judith T AU - Zelikoff JT AD - Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine , Tuxedo, New York, USA. LA - eng GR - P30 ES000260/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20170727 PL - United States TA - Environ Health Perspect JT - Environmental health perspectives JID - 0330411 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) SB - IM MH - Air Pollutants/*toxicity MH - Animals MH - Birth Weight/drug effects MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Infant, Low Birth Weight MH - *Inhalation Exposure MH - *Maternal Exposure MH - Mice MH - Particle Size MH - Particulate Matter/*toxicity MH - Pregnancy MH - Premature Birth/*chemically induced MH - Time Factors PMC - PMC5744697 EDAT- 2017/09/13 06:00 MHDA- 2017/10/14 06:00 PMCR- 2017/07/27 CRDT- 2017/09/13 06:00 PHST- 2016/08/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/12/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/01/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/09/13 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/09/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/10/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - EHP1029 [pii] AID - 10.1289/EHP1029 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Environ Health Perspect. 2017 Jul 27;125(7):077020. doi: 10.1289/EHP1029.