PMID- 28911793
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180223
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 231
IP  - Pt 1
DP  - 2017 Dec
TI  - Passive air sampling of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in New Delhi, Kolkata, 
      Mumbai and Chennai: Levels, homologous profiling and source apportionment.
PG  - 1181-1187
LID - S0269-7491(17)33391-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.044 [doi]
AB  - Several studies in the recent past reported new sources for industrial persistent 
      organic pollutants (POPs) from metropolitan cities of India. To fill the data gap 
      for atmospheric polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polyurethane foam disk 
      passive air sampling (PUF-PAS) was conducted along urban-suburban-rural transects 
      in four quadrilateral cities viz., New Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai from 
      northern, eastern, western and southern India respectively. Average concentration 
      of Sigma(8)PBDEs in pg/m(3) for New Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai were 198, 135, 
      264 and 144 respectively. We observed a distinct urban > suburban > rural trend 
      for atmospheric PBDEs in Mumbai. Principal component analysis (PCA) attributed 
      three different source types. BDE-47, -99, -100, -153 and -154 loaded in the 
      first component were relatively high in the sites where industrial and informal 
      electronic waste (e-waste) recycling activities were prevalent. Penta congener, 
      BDE-99 and tetra congener, BDE-47 contributed 50%-75% of total PBDEs. Ratio of 
      BDE-47 and -99 in Indian cities reflected the usage of penta formulations like 
      Bromkal -70DE and DE-71 in the commercial and electrical products. PC-2 was 
      loaded with BDE-28 and -35. Percentage of BDE-28 and BDE-35 (>10%) were 
      comparatively much higher than commercial penta products. Abundance of BDE-28 in 
      majority sites can be primarily due to re-emission from surface soil. PC-3 was 
      loaded with BDE-183 and elevated levels were observed mostly in the industrial 
      corridor of Indian cities. BDE-183 was notably high in the urban industrial sites 
      of New Delhi. We suspect this octa-BDE congener resulted from recycling process 
      of plastic products containing octa-BDE formulation used as flame retardants.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Chakraborty, Paromita
AU  - Chakraborty P
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Research Institute, SRM University, 
      Kattankulathur 603203, India. Electronic address: paromita.c@res.srmuniv.ac.in.
FAU - Zhang, Gan
AU  - Zhang G
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of 
      Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
FAU - Cheng, Hairong
AU  - Cheng H
AD  - Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Resource and Environmental 
      Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430069, China.
FAU - Balasubramanian, Prithiviraj
AU  - Balasubramanian P
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Research Institute, SRM University, 
      Kattankulathur 603203, India.
FAU - Li, Jun
AU  - Li J
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of 
      Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
FAU - Jones, Kevin C
AU  - Jones KC
AD  - Lancaster Environmental Centre, Lancaster University, LA1 4YQ Lancaster, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170912
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Brominated)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Cities
MH  - Electronic Waste/analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - Flame Retardants/*analysis
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/*analysis
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Brominated/*analysis
MH  - India
MH  - Principal Component Analysis
MH  - Recycling
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Back-trajectory
OT  - Indian cities
OT  - PBDEs
OT  - Passive air sampling
OT  - Sources
EDAT- 2017/09/16 06:00
MHDA- 2018/02/24 06:00
CRDT- 2017/09/16 06:00
PHST- 2017/04/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/08/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/08/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/09/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/02/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/09/16 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0269-7491(17)33391-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.044 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2017 Dec;231(Pt 1):1181-1187. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.044. 
      Epub 2017 Sep 12.