PMID- 28915388
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180502
LR  - 20190122
IS  - 1873-4847 (Electronic)
IS  - 0955-2863 (Linking)
VI  - 49
DP  - 2017 Nov
TI  - EPA and DHA, but not ALA, have antidepressant effects with 17beta-estradiol 
      injection via regulation of a neurobiological system in ovariectomized rats.
PG  - 101-109
LID - S0955-2863(17)30043-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.07.012 [doi]
AB  - Our previous studies found that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and 
      estrogen had synergistic antidepressant-like effects. The purpose of the present 
      study was to investigate the hypothesis that three major n-3 PUFAs, alpha-linolenic 
      acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 
      individually had antidepressant effects combined with 17beta-estradiol-3-benzoate 
      (E) through a neurobiological pathway in ovariectomized rats. Rats were fed a 
      modified American Institute of Nutrition-93G diet with 0% n-3 PUFAs and 1% ALA, 
      EPA and DHA relative to total energy intake for 12 weeks and were injected with 
      corn oil or E every 4 days during the last 3 weeks. Supplementation of EPA, DHA 
      and E increased serum concentrations of serotonin and climbing behavior, and 
      decreased immobility during a forced swimming test. Supplementation with EPA, DHA 
      and E also decreased hippocampal expressions of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis 
      factor-alpha, and increased cAMP response element binding protein, brain-derived 
      neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and estrogen receptor-alpha. Immunofluorescence staining 
      consistently showed elevated expressions of BDNF. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy 
      showed that E increased glucose and decreased glutamate, glutamine and 
      myo-inositol concentrations regardless of n-3 PUFA supplementation. In addition, 
      supplementation with EPA, DHA and E decreased levels of nitrite and nitrate. 
      However, ALA had no antidepressant effect. The present study suggested that the 
      antidepressant-like effects of EPA and DHA supplementation and E injection could 
      be due to the regulation of serotonergic neurotransmission and inflammatory 
      cytokines rather than due to the antioxidative system. Supplementation with n-3 
      PUFA and E had the additional function of modulating neurometabolites in the 
      hippocampus.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Choi, Jeong-Eun
AU  - Choi JE
AD  - Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, 
      Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Park, Yongsoon
AU  - Park Y
AD  - Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, 
      Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: 
      yongsoon@hanyang.ac.kr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20170805
PL  - United States
TA  - J Nutr Biochem
JT  - The Journal of nutritional biochemistry
JID - 9010081
RN  - 0 (Antidepressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins)
RN  - 0RBV727H71 (alpha-Linolenic Acid)
RN  - 1S4CJB5ZGN (estradiol 3-benzoate)
RN  - 25167-62-8 (Docosahexaenoic Acids)
RN  - 333DO1RDJY (Serotonin)
RN  - 4TI98Z838E (Estradiol)
RN  - AAN7QOV9EA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antidepressive Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Behavior, Animal/drug effects
MH  - Brain Chemistry/drug effects
MH  - Depression/immunology/metabolism/pathology/*prevention & control
MH  - *Dietary Supplements
MH  - *Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Docosahexaenoic Acids/*therapeutic use
MH  - Eicosapentaenoic Acid/*therapeutic use
MH  - Estradiol/administration & dosage/analogs & derivatives/*therapeutic use
MH  - Female
MH  - Hippocampus/drug effects/immunology/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Hormone Replacement Therapy
MH  - Injections, Subcutaneous
MH  - Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Ovariectomy/adverse effects
MH  - Random Allocation
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Serotonergic Neurons/drug effects/immunology/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Serotonin/blood
MH  - alpha-Linolenic Acid/therapeutic use
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Antioxidant
OT  - BDNF
OT  - Depression
OT  - Estrogen
OT  - N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
OT  - Neurometabolites
OT  - Rats
EDAT- 2017/09/16 06:00
MHDA- 2018/05/03 06:00
CRDT- 2017/09/16 06:00
PHST- 2017/01/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/06/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/07/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/09/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/05/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/09/16 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0955-2863(17)30043-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.07.012 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Nutr Biochem. 2017 Nov;49:101-109. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.07.012. Epub 
      2017 Aug 5.