PMID- 28931353 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190326 LR - 20211204 IS - 1476-8305 (Electronic) IS - 1028-415X (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 4 DP - 2019 Apr TI - Blueberry supplementation attenuates microglia activation and increases neuroplasticity in mice consuming a high-fat diet. PG - 253-263 LID - 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1376472 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Consuming a high-fat diet (HFD) may result in behavioral deficits similar to those observed in aging animals. Blueberries may prevent and even reverse age-related alterations in neurochemistry and behavior. It was previously demonstrated that middle-aged mice fed HFD had impaired memory; however, supplementation of HFD with blueberry reduced these memory deficits. As a follow-up to that study, the brain tissue from HFD-fed mice with and without blueberry supplementation was assessed to determine the neuroprotective mechanism(s) by which blueberry allayed cognitive dysfunction associated with HFD. METHODS: Mice were fed HFDs (60% calories from fat) or low-fat diets (LFD) with and without 4% blueberry (freeze-dried, U.S. Highbush Blueberry Council). Microglia activation was assessed ex vivo and in vitro. The hippocampus was assessed for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurogenesis by measuring doublecortin (DCX). RESULTS: There was significantly less microglia ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 staining and fewer microglia in the brains of mice fed HFD + blueberry compared to mice fed LFD and HFD. BV-2 microglial cells treated with serum collected from the mice fed the diets supplemented with blueberry produced less nitric oxide compared to cells treated with serum from mice fed HFD. BDNF levels were higher and the number of DCX-positive cells was greater in the hippocampus of mice fed HFD + blueberry compared to mice fed HFD. DISCUSSION: This study demonstrated that supplementation of a HFD with blueberry reduced indices of microglia activation and increased neuroplasticity, and these changes may underlie the protection against memory deficits in HFD-fed mice supplemented with blueberry. FAU - Carey, Amanda N AU - Carey AN AD - a Simmons College , Department of Psychology , Boston , MA , USA. FAU - Gildawie, Kelsea R AU - Gildawie KR AD - a Simmons College , Department of Psychology , Boston , MA , USA. FAU - Rovnak, Abigail AU - Rovnak A AD - a Simmons College , Department of Psychology , Boston , MA , USA. FAU - Thangthaeng, Nopporn AU - Thangthaeng N AD - b USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Neuroscience and Aging Laboratory , Boston , MA , USA. FAU - Fisher, Derek R AU - Fisher DR AD - b USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Neuroscience and Aging Laboratory , Boston , MA , USA. FAU - Shukitt-Hale, Barbara AU - Shukitt-Hale B AD - b USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Neuroscience and Aging Laboratory , Boston , MA , USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20170921 PL - England TA - Nutr Neurosci JT - Nutritional neuroscience JID - 100892202 RN - 0 (Bdnf protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 0 (Dcx protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Doublecortin Protein) RN - 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide) RN - EC 1.6.3.- (NADPH Oxidase 4) RN - EC 1.6.3.- (Nox4 protein, mouse) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Blueberry Plants MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism MH - Cell Proliferation MH - Cells, Cultured MH - Diet, High-Fat/*adverse effects MH - Doublecortin Protein MH - Hippocampus/*metabolism MH - Male MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Microglia/*metabolism MH - NADPH Oxidase 4/metabolism MH - Neurogenesis MH - *Neuronal Plasticity MH - Nitric Oxide/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - BDNF OT - Berry OT - Blueberry OT - High-fat diet OT - Hippocampus OT - Microglia OT - Neurogenesis OT - Neuroplasticity EDAT- 2017/09/22 06:00 MHDA- 2019/03/27 06:00 CRDT- 2017/09/22 06:00 PHST- 2017/09/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/03/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/09/22 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1376472 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nutr Neurosci. 2019 Apr;22(4):253-263. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1376472. Epub 2017 Sep 21.