PMID- 28969155
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220409
IS  - 2249-782X (Print)
IS  - 0973-709X (Electronic)
IS  - 0973-709X (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 8
DP  - 2017 Aug
TI  - Linezolid and Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci: A Therapeutic Problem.
PG  - GC07-GC11
LID - 10.7860/JCDR/2017/27260.10474 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Enterococci are recognized as opportunistic pathogens, as well as 
      commensals in both humans and animals. They are an important cause of nosocomial 
      infections, difficult to treat, as the organism have intrinsic and acquired 
      resistance to many antibiotics. AIM: To isolate and identify clinically relevant 
      Enterococcus up to species level from all the clinical samples processed in the 
      microbiology laboratory and also to study their resistance pattern. MATERIALS AND 
      METHODS: A prospective study was carried out for a period of one year from May 
      2014 to April 2015 at the Department of Microbiology, Subharti Medical College, 
      Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 200 isolates of Enterococcus species 
      from 15342 clinical samples obtained from IPD/OPD patients irrespective of age, 
      having suspicion of bacterial infection were processed in the microbiology 
      laboratory. Identification was done with standard biochemical methods. Antibiotic 
      susceptibility testing was done on Muller Hilton agar plate by Kirby Bauer disc 
      diffusion method. High-Level Gentamycin Resistance (HLGR) and High-Level 
      Streptomycin Resistance (HLSR) were further confirmed by Agar dilution method and 
      Broth microdilution method. Vancomycin and linezolid resistance was further 
      confirmed by Agar dilution method and MIC was calculated by using VITEK 2, 
      Biomerieux. All methodology was followed as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards 
      Institute (CLSI) M100-S 24, 2014 guidelines. RESULTS: E. faecalis (n=169, 84.5%) 
      was the predominant species isolated, followed by E. faecium (n=27, 13.5%) and E. 
      casseliflavus (n=4, 2%). A total of 25 (12.5%) isolates were HLGR, 13 (6.5%) 
      isolates were HLSR and 62 (31%) isolates were HLGR+HLSR. Vancomycin resistance 
      was found in 14 (7%) isolates of which 11 (78.5%) were Van A and 3 (21.4%) were 
      Van B, detected phenotypically as per relative MIC of vancomycin and teicoplanin. 
      Linezolid resistance was seen in 4 (2%) of isolates which were vancomycin as well 
      as high-level gentamycin and high-level streptomycin resistant. CONCLUSION: 
      Isolation of Enterococcus species resistant to most of the higher antibiotics 
      like vancomycin and linezolid, with high prevalence of High-Level Aminoglycoside 
      Resistance (HLAR), from hospitalized patients is a major concern as such isolates 
      have limited or no therapeutic option.
FAU - Yadav, Garima
AU  - Yadav G
AD  - Junior Resident, Department of Microbiology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, 
      Uttar Pradesh, India.
FAU - Thakuria, Bhaskar
AU  - Thakuria B
AD  - Professor, Department of Microbiology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar 
      Pradesh, India.
FAU - Madan, Molly
AU  - Madan M
AD  - Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, 
      Uttar Pradesh, India.
FAU - Agwan, Vivek
AU  - Agwan V
AD  - Professor, Department of Microbiology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar 
      Pradesh, India.
FAU - Pandey, Anita
AU  - Pandey A
AD  - Professor, Department of Microbiology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar 
      Pradesh, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170801
PL  - India
TA  - J Clin Diagn Res
JT  - Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR
JID - 101488993
PMC - PMC5620796
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - High-level aminoglycoside resistance
OT  - High-level gentamycin-resistance
OT  - High-level streptomycin resistance
OT  - Linezolid resistant enterococci
EDAT- 2017/10/04 06:00
MHDA- 2017/10/04 06:01
PMCR- 2017/10/01
CRDT- 2017/10/04 06:00
PHST- 2017/02/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/06/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/10/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/10/04 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7860/JCDR/2017/27260.10474 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Aug;11(8):GC07-GC11. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/27260.10474. 
      Epub 2017 Aug 1.