PMID- 28978343 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180601 LR - 20211204 IS - 1476-511X (Electronic) IS - 1476-511X (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2017 Oct 4 TI - Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans. PG - 192 LID - 10.1186/s12944-017-0571-x [doi] LID - 192 AB - AIM: To investigate the association of major dietary patterns with glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters in a large American sample. The association between dietary patterns (DP) derived via principal components analysis (PCA), with glucose/insulin homeostasis parameters was assessed. The likelihood of insulin resistance (IR) across the DPs quarters was also explored. METHOD: The United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants during 2005-2012 were included if they underwent measurement of dietary intake as well as glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and adjusted logistic and linear regression models were employed to account for the complex survey design and sample weights. RESULTS: A total of 24,182 participants were included; 48.9% (n = 11,815) were men. Applying PCA revealed three DP (56.8% of variance): the first was comprised mainly of saturated fat (SFA), total fat, mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and carbohydrate (CHO); the second is highly enriched with vitamins, trace elements and dietary fiber; and the third was composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), cholesterol and protein. Among the total population, after adjustment for age, sex, race, C-reactive protein, smoking, and physical activity, glucose homeostasis factors, visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product improved across the quarters of the first and third DP; and a reverse pattern with the second DP. The same trend was observed for the non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, subjects with higher adherence to the first and third DP had higher likelihood for developing IR, whereas there was a lower likelihood for the second DP. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the DP heavily loaded with CHO, SFA, PUFA, protein, total fat and MUFA as well as high-cholesterol-load foods is associated with impaired glucose tolerance; in contrast, the healthy pattern which is high in vitamins, minerals and fiber may have favourable effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. FAU - Mazidi, Mohsen AU - Mazidi M AD - Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing, China. moshen@genetics.ac.cn. AD - Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, College, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China. moshen@genetics.ac.cn. FAU - Kengne, Andre Pascal AU - Kengne AP AD - Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. FAU - Mikhailidis, Dimitri P AU - Mikhailidis DP AD - Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK. FAU - Toth, Peter P AU - Toth PP AD - Department of Preventive Cardiology, CGH Medical Center, Sterling, IL, USA. AD - Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Ray, Kausik K AU - Ray KK AD - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. FAU - Banach, Maciej AU - Banach M AD - Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. AD - Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland. AD - Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona-Gora, Zielona-Gora, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20171004 PL - England TA - Lipids Health Dis JT - Lipids in health and disease JID - 101147696 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Dietary Fats) RN - 0 (Dietary Fiber) RN - 0 (Dietary Proteins) RN - 0 (Insulin) RN - 0 (Phytochemicals) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Blood Glucose/metabolism MH - C-Reactive Protein/metabolism MH - Diet, Western/ethnology/*psychology/statistics & numerical data MH - Dietary Fats/*administration & dosage MH - Dietary Fiber/*administration & dosage MH - Dietary Proteins/*administration & dosage MH - Exercise MH - Feeding Behavior/psychology MH - Female MH - Glucose Intolerance/physiopathology MH - Humans MH - Insulin/blood MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Phytochemicals/*administration & dosage MH - Racial Groups MH - Sex Factors MH - United States PMC - PMC5628497 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Dietary patterns OT - Glucose homeostasis OT - Insulin homeostasis OT - Insulin resistance COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: For the data collection and physical examination of the NHANES, informed consent was obtained from all adult participants, and the National Centre for Health Statistics Research Ethics Review Board approved the protocol. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: For the data collection and physical examination of the NHANES, informed consent (publication) was obtained from all adult participants, and the National Centre for Health Statistics Research Ethics Review Board approved the protocol. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. EDAT- 2017/10/06 06:00 MHDA- 2018/06/02 06:00 PMCR- 2017/10/04 CRDT- 2017/10/06 06:00 PHST- 2017/06/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/10/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/10/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/06/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/10/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12944-017-0571-x [pii] AID - 571 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12944-017-0571-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - Lipids Health Dis. 2017 Oct 4;16(1):192. doi: 10.1186/s12944-017-0571-x.