PMID- 28985334 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171221 LR - 20171221 IS - 1945-2403 (Electronic) IS - 0146-4760 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 8 DP - 2017 Oct 1 TI - Simultaneous Quantitation of Methamphetamine, Ketamine, Opiates and their Metabolites in Urine by SPE and LC-MS-MS. PG - 679-687 LID - 10.1093/jat/bkx057 [doi] AB - Heroin, methamphetamine and ketamine have been the most commonly abused drugs in Taiwan. The presence of these drugs and their metabolites in postmortem specimens has been routinely monitored in our laboratory mostly by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric methods. This study aimed to evaluate a more effective approach to simultaneously quantify these analytes (i.e., amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), morphine, codeine, 6-acetylmorphine, 6-acetylcodeine, ketamine and norketamine) in postmortem urine and blood specimens by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). Samples (1 mL) were extracted via solid-phase extraction, evaporated and reconstituted in the mobile phase for injection into the LC-MS-MS system. Respective deuterated analogs of these analytes were used as internal standards. Chromatographic separation was achieved by an Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq analytical column at 50 degrees C. Mass spectrometric analysis was performed by electrospray ionization in positive-ion dynamic multiple reaction monitoring mode with optimized collision energy for respective precursor ion selected for each analyte, and the monitoring of two transition ions. Performance characteristics were assessed using drug-free samples that were fortified with 50-1,000 ng/mL of the 10 analytes. Analytical parameters evaluated and resulting data are as follows: (i) average extraction recoveries (n= 3) were better than 80%, except for MDMA (71%) and morphine (74%); (ii) inter-day and intra-day precision ranges (%CV) were 1.59-8.80% and 0.57-3.89%, respectively; (iii) calibration linearity (r2), detection limit and quantitation limit for all analytes were >0.999, 1 and 5 ng/mL, respectively; (iv) matrix effects (ion suppression) were observed for three analytes, but were satisfactorily compensated for by the deuterated internal standards adopted in the analytical protocol. This method was successfully applied to the analysis of specimens collected from unknown death cases from various district prosecutors' offices in Taiwan, and was also found helpful to understanding whether the detected opiates were derived from heroin or legal morphine/codeine-containing medications. CI - (c) The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Yang, Chu-An AU - Yang CA AD - Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. AD - Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, No. 123, Min-An St., Zhonghe Dist., New Taipei City 23548, Taiwan. FAU - Liu, Hsiu-Chuan AU - Liu HC AD - Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, No. 123, Min-An St., Zhonghe Dist., New Taipei City 23548, Taiwan. FAU - Lin, Dong-Liang AU - Lin DL AD - Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, No. 123, Min-An St., Zhonghe Dist., New Taipei City 23548, Taiwan. FAU - Liu, Ray H AU - Liu RH AD - Department of Justice Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave. South Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. FAU - Hsieh, You-Zung AU - Hsieh YZ AD - Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. FAU - Wu, Shu-Pao AU - Wu SP AD - Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Anal Toxicol JT - Journal of analytical toxicology JID - 7705085 RN - 0 (Opiate Alkaloids) RN - 44RAL3456C (Methamphetamine) RN - 690G0D6V8H (Ketamine) SB - IM MH - Chromatography, Liquid MH - Humans MH - Ketamine/analysis/*urine MH - Methamphetamine/analysis/*urine MH - Opiate Alkaloids/analysis/*urine MH - Solid Phase Extraction MH - Substance Abuse Detection/*methods MH - Taiwan MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry EDAT- 2017/10/07 06:00 MHDA- 2017/12/22 06:00 CRDT- 2017/10/07 06:00 PHST- 2017/01/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/10/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/12/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/10/07 06:00 [entrez] AID - 3978801 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jat/bkx057 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Anal Toxicol. 2017 Oct 1;41(8):679-687. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkx057.