PMID- 28985533
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180308
LR  - 20190111
IS  - 1879-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 190
DP  - 2018 Jan
TI  - Determination of triazine herbicides and their metabolites in multiple medicinal 
      parts of traditional Chinese medicines using streamlined pretreatment and 
      UFLC-ESI-MS/MS.
PG  - 103-113
LID - S0045-6535(17)31498-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.085 [doi]
AB  - A rapid, sensitive, and reliable ultra-fast liquid chromatography combined with 
      electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was 
      established and applied to simultaneous determination of 31 triazine herbicides 
      and their metabolites in multiple medicinal parts of traditional Chinese 
      medicines (TCMs). A streamlined pretreatment approach using one-step extraction 
      and dilution was proposed, which provided high-throughput processing, excellent 
      recovery, and negligible interference. Afterwards, multiple-reaction monitoring 
      (MRM) and information-dependent acquisition (IDA) triggered enhanced product ion 
      spectra (EPI) was adopted to identify and quantify the targets in a single 
      analysis. The optimized method was then validated according to the guidelines of 
      the European Commission for the following parameters: Matrix effects, 
      specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, range, and stability. The LOD and 
      LOQ for the 31 triazine herbicides were 0.1-10 mug kg(-1) and 0.5-25 mug kg(-1), 
      respectively. Recoveries at three concentration levels were within 67.9-120.3% 
      with an associated precision RSD <20%. Using the proposed approach, trazines 
      herbicides were determined from 44 commercially available TCMs. The detection 
      rate of triazine herbicides residues was 15.9% of the total samples. Among them, 
      atrazine, simeton, and simetryn were found in the radix, herba, and seed TCMs 
      with values far below the referenced maximum residue limits (MRLs), but no 
      residues were detected in either the flos or fructus. Taken together, this method 
      has the potential to provide a means for triazines screening in extensive 
      matrices, thereby laying the foundation for pesticide registration on TCMs. 
      Moreover, it has the potential to guide further triazine residue control in TCMs.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Liu, Congmin
AU  - Liu C
AD  - Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese 
      Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, 
      Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 
      100193, China.
FAU - Dou, Xiaowen
AU  - Dou X
AD  - Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese 
      Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, 
      Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 
      100193, China.
FAU - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Zhang L
AD  - Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese 
      Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, 
      Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 
      100193, China.
FAU - Li, Qian
AU  - Li Q
AD  - Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese 
      Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, 
      Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 
      100193, China.
FAU - Qin, Jia'an
AU  - Qin J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese 
      Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, 
      Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 
      100193, China.
FAU - Duan, Yaping
AU  - Duan Y
AD  - Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese 
      Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, 
      Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 
      100193, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural 
      University, Changchun, 130118, China.
FAU - Yang, Meihua
AU  - Yang M
AD  - Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese 
      Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, 
      Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 
      100193, China. Electronic address: yangmeihua15@hotmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170918
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Herbicides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Triazines)
RN  - 036180247V (simetryn)
RN  - 387DQL493M (2-methoxy-4-ethylamino-6-ethylamino-1,3,5-triazine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
MH  - Herbicides/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Medicine, Chinese Traditional/*methods/standards
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods
MH  - Triazines/*analysis/metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Residue
OT  - Streamlined pretreatment
OT  - TCMs
OT  - Triazine herbicides
OT  - UFLC-ESI-MS/MS
EDAT- 2017/10/07 06:00
MHDA- 2018/03/09 06:00
CRDT- 2017/10/07 06:00
PHST- 2017/06/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/09/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/09/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/03/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/10/07 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(17)31498-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.085 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2018 Jan;190:103-113. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.085. Epub 
      2017 Sep 18.