PMID- 28989571
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 1976-1457 (Print)
IS  - 2005-6168 (Electronic)
IS  - 1976-1457 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 5
DP  - 2017 Oct
TI  - Black soybean anthocyanins attenuate inflammatory responses by suppressing 
      reactive oxygen species production and mitogen activated protein kinases 
      signaling in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages.
PG  - 357-364
LID - 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.5.357 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress is closely related with inflammation and 
      development of many diseases. Black soybean seed coat contains high amount of 
      anthocyanins, which are well-known for free radical scavenging activities. This 
      study investigated inflammatory response and action mechanism of black soybean 
      anthocyanins with regard to antioxidant activity in lipopolysaccharide 
      (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: RAW 264.7 cells were treated 
      with anthocyanins extracted from black soybean seed coats in a concentration 
      range of 12.5 to 100 microg/mL. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 
      secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines, and the signaling in the 
      mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway were examined. RESULTS: Black 
      soybean anthocyanins significantly decreased LPS-stimulated production of ROS, 
      inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E(2), and 
      pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6, 
      in a dose-dependent manner without cytotoxicity (P < 0.001). Black soybean 
      anthocyanins downregulated the expression of inducible NO synthase and 
      cyclooxygenase-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells (P < 0.001). Moreover, black 
      soybean anthocyanins inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs, including 
      extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 (P < 
      0.001). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that black soybean anthocyanins exert 
      anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting ROS generation and subsequent MAPKs 
      signaling, thereby inhibiting inflammatory responses.
FAU - Kim, Jin Nam
AU  - Kim JN
AD  - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 
      Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonngi 14662, Korea.
FAU - Han, Sung Nim
AU  - Han SN
AD  - Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
FAU - Ha, Tae Joung
AU  - Ha TJ
AD  - National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), 
      Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 54875, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Hye-Kyeong
AU  - Kim HK
AD  - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 
      Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonngi 14662, Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170918
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - Nutr Res Pract
JT  - Nutrition research and practice
JID - 101311052
PMC - PMC5621357
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Anthocyanins
OT  - anti-inflammatory agents
OT  - macrophage
OT  - mitogen-activated protein kinases
OT  - reactive oxygen species
COIS- CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interests.
EDAT- 2017/10/11 06:00
MHDA- 2017/10/11 06:01
PMCR- 2017/10/01
CRDT- 2017/10/10 06:00
PHST- 2017/07/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/08/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/08/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/10/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/10/11 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.5.357 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutr Res Pract. 2017 Oct;11(5):357-364. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.5.357. Epub 2017 
      Sep 18.