PMID- 28992662
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180920
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1942-7611 (Electronic)
IS  - 1942-7603 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 4
DP  - 2018 Apr
TI  - Sample preparation method for the combined extraction of ethyl glucuronide and 
      drugs of abuse in hair.
PG  - 701-710
LID - 10.1002/dta.2314 [doi]
AB  - Often in hair analysis, a small hair sample is available while the analysis of a 
      multitude of structurally diverse substances with different concentration ranges 
      is demanded. The analysis of the different substances often requires different 
      sample preparation methods, increasing the amount of required hair sample. When 
      segmental hair analysis is necessary, the amount of hair sample needed is further 
      increased. Therefore, the required sample amount for a full analysis can quickly 
      exceed what is available. To combat this problem, a method for the combined hair 
      sample preparation using a single extraction procedure for analysis of ethyl 
      glucuronide with liquid chromatography-multistage fragmentation mass 
      spectrometry/multiple reaction monitoring (LC-MS(3) /MRM) and common drugs of 
      abuse with LC-MRM was developed. The combined sample preparation is achieved by 
      separating ethyl glucuronide from the drugs of abuse into separate extracts by 
      fractionation in the solid-phase extraction step during sample clean-up. A full 
      validation for all substances for the parameters selectivity, linearity, limit of 
      detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, precision, matrix effects, and 
      recovery was successfully completed. The following drugs of abuse were included 
      in the method: Amphetamine; methamphetamine; 
      3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA); 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine 
      (MDA); 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDE); morphine; 
      6-monoacetylmorphine; codeine; acetylcodeine; cocaine; benzoylecgonine; 
      norcocaine; cocaethylene; methadone; 
      2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP) and methylphenidate. In 
      conclusion, as only 1 sample preparation is needed with 1 aliquot of hair, the 
      presented sample preparation allows an optimal analysis of both ethyl glucuronide 
      and of the drugs of abuse, even when the sample amount is a limiting factor.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FAU - Meier, Ulf
AU  - Meier U
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8284-9467
AD  - Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine of the 
      University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Briellmann, Thomas
AU  - Briellmann T
AD  - Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine of the 
      University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Scheurer, Eva
AU  - Scheurer E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2742-0422
AD  - Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine of the 
      University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Dussy, Franz
AU  - Dussy F
AD  - Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine of the 
      University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20171127
PL  - England
TA  - Drug Test Anal
JT  - Drug testing and analysis
JID - 101483449
RN  - 0 (Glucuronates)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
RN  - 17685-04-0 (ethyl glucuronide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid/methods
MH  - Glucuronates/analysis/*isolation & purification
MH  - Hair/*chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Illicit Drugs/analysis/*isolation & purification
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Mass Spectrometry/*methods
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction/*methods
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/*methods
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - combined extraction
OT  - drugs of abuse
OT  - ethyl glucuronide
OT  - hair analysis
OT  - sample preparation
EDAT- 2017/10/11 06:00
MHDA- 2018/09/21 06:00
CRDT- 2017/10/10 06:00
PHST- 2017/03/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/09/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/09/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/09/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/10/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/dta.2314 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Drug Test Anal. 2018 Apr;10(4):701-710. doi: 10.1002/dta.2314. Epub 2017 Nov 27.