PMID- 29019708 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180725 LR - 20180725 IS - 1743-1328 (Electronic) IS - 0161-6412 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Jan TI - Effects of long-term exercise and low-level inhibition of GABAergic synapses on motor control and the expression of BDNF in the motor related cortex. PG - 18-25 LID - 10.1080/01616412.2017.1382801 [doi] AB - Objectives Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays important roles in neuroplasticity in the brain. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of long-term exercise combined with low-level inhibition of GABAergic synapses on motor control and the expression of BDNF in the motor-related cortex. Methods ICR mice were divided into four groups based on the factors exercise and GABA(A) receptor inhibition. We administered the GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuculline intraperitoneally (0.25 mg/kg). Mice exercised on a treadmill 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Following behavioral tests, BDNF expression in the motor cortex and cerebellar cortex was assayed using RT-PCR and ELISA. Results Exercise increased BDNF protein in the motor cortex and improved motor coordination in the rotarod test either in the presence or absence of bicuculline. BDNF mRNA expression in the motor cortex and muscle coordination in the wire hang test decreased after administration of bicuculline, whereas bicuculline administration increased mRNA and protein expression of BDNF in the cerebellum. Discussion The present study revealed that long-term exercise increased BDNF expression in the motor cortex and facilitated a transfer of motor learning from aerobic exercise to postural coordination. Thus, aerobic exercise is meaningful for conditioning motor learning to rehabilitate patients with central nervous system (CNS) disorders. However, long-term inhibition of GABA(A) receptors decreased the expression of cortical BDNF mRNA and decreased muscle coordination, despite the increase of BDNF in the cerebellum, suggesting that we have to consider the term of the inhibition of the GABAergic receptor for future clinical application to CNS patients. FAU - Inoue, Takahiro AU - Inoue T AD - a Graduate School of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan. FAU - Ninuma, Shuta AU - Ninuma S AD - b Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan. FAU - Hayashi, Masataka AU - Hayashi M AD - a Graduate School of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan. FAU - Okuda, Akane AU - Okuda A AD - b Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan. FAU - Asaka, Tadayoshi AU - Asaka T AD - c Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan. FAU - Maejima, Hiroshi AU - Maejima H AD - c Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20171011 PL - England TA - Neurol Res JT - Neurological research JID - 7905298 RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 0 (GABA-A Receptor Antagonists) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Receptor, trkB) RN - Y37615DVKC (Bicuculline) SB - IM MH - Analysis of Variance MH - Animals MH - Bicuculline/pharmacology MH - Body Weight/drug effects MH - Brain/drug effects/*metabolism MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics/*metabolism MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MH - Female MH - GABA-A Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology MH - Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects/physiology MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred ICR MH - Motor Activity/*drug effects MH - Physical Conditioning, Animal/*methods MH - Postural Balance/drug effects/physiology MH - Psychomotor Performance/drug effects/physiology MH - Receptor, trkB/genetics/metabolism MH - Rotarod Performance Test OTO - NOTNLM OT - BDNF OT - GABA OT - cerebellum OT - exercise OT - motor cortex OT - motor learning EDAT- 2017/10/12 06:00 MHDA- 2018/07/26 06:00 CRDT- 2017/10/12 06:00 PHST- 2017/10/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/07/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/10/12 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/01616412.2017.1382801 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurol Res. 2018 Jan;40(1):18-25. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2017.1382801. Epub 2017 Oct 11.