PMID- 29021041
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20191120
IS  - 1945-8932 (Electronic)
IS  - 1945-8932 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 3
DP  - 2013 May 1
TI  - Chapter 15: Allergic rhinitis.
PG  - 52-55
LID - 10.2500/ajra.2013.27.3928 [doi]
AB  - Allergic rhinitis affects 60 million of the U.S. population, 1.4 billion of the 
      global population, and its prevalence appears to be increasing. The duration and 
      severity of allergic rhinitis symptoms place a substantial burden on patient's 
      quality of life, sleep, work productivity, and activity. The health impact of 
      allergic rhinitis is compounded by associated complications and comorbidities 
      including asthma, otitis media, sinusitis, and nasal polyps. Allergic rhinitis 
      symptoms result from a complex, allergen-driven mucosal inflammatory process, 
      modulated by immunoglobulin E (IgE), and caused by interplay between resident and 
      infiltrating inflammatory cells and a number of vasoactive and proinflammatory 
      mediators, including cytokines. This allergic response may be characterized as 
      three phases: IgE sensitization, allergen challenge, and elicitation of symptoms. 
      A thorough allergic history is the best tool for the diagnosis of allergic 
      rhinitis, the establishment of which is achieved by correlating the patient's 
      history and physical exam with an assessment for the presence of specific IgE 
      antibodies to relevant aeroallergens determined by skin testing or by in vitro 
      assay. Management of allergic rhinitis includes modifying environmental 
      exposures, implementing pharmacotherapy, and, in select cases, administering 
      allergen-specific immunotherapy. Intranasal therapeutic options include 
      antihistamines, anticholinergic agents, corticosteroids (aqueous or aerosol), 
      mast cell stabilizers, saline, and brief courses of decongestants. Selection of 
      pharmacotherapy is based on the severity and chronicity of symptoms with the most 
      effective medications being intranasal corticosteroids and intranasal 
      antihistamines, which can be used in combination (separately or in fixed dose) 
      for more difficult to control allergic rhinitis.
FAU - Settipane, Russell A
AU  - Settipane RA
FAU - Schwindt, Christina
AU  - Schwindt C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Rhinol Allergy
JT  - American journal of rhinology & allergy
JID - 101490775
EDAT- 2013/05/01 00:00
MHDA- 2013/05/01 00:01
CRDT- 2017/10/13 06:00
PHST- 2017/10/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/05/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/05/01 00:01 [medline]
AID - 10.2500/ajra.2013.27.3928 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2013 May 1;27(3):52-55. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2013.27.3928.