PMID- 29036816 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180723 LR - 20180816 IS - 1875-8908 (Electronic) IS - 1387-2877 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 4 DP - 2017 TI - Sex Difference in Aerobic Exercise Efficacy to Improve Cognition in Older Adults with Vascular Cognitive Impairment: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - 1397-1410 LID - 10.3233/JAD-170221 [doi] AB - Aerobic training (AT) is a promising, non-pharmacological intervention to mitigate the deleterious effects of aging and disease on brain health. However, a large amount of variation exists in its efficacy. This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of AT in 71 older adults with subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (NCT01027858). Specifically, we investigated: 1) whether sex moderates the relationship between AT and executive functions, and 2) the role of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and gains in functional fitness capacity. Older adults were randomly assigned to either 6-month, thrice-weekly AT or to usual care plus education (CON). At baseline, trial completion, and 6-month follow-up, executive functions were assessed with the Trail Making Test (A & B), verbal digits forward and backward test, and the Stroop Test. Functional fitness capacity was assessed with the 6-Minute Walk Test. Compared with CON, AT significantly improved Trail Making Test performance in females but not males, an effect that was retained at follow-up. AT significantly increased BDNF levels in females but decreased levels in males. On the other hand, AT led to significant gains in functional fitness capacity in males only. This study provides evidence that sex differences exist in AT efficacy on brain health as well as in the biological mechanisms subserving AT. FAU - Barha, Cindy K AU - Barha CK AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Hsiung, Ging-Yuek R AU - Hsiung GR AD - Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute and University of British ColumbiaHospital Clinic for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Best, John R AU - Best JR AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Davis, Jennifer C AU - Davis JC AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Eng, Janice J AU - Eng JJ AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Jacova, Claudia AU - Jacova C AD - Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute and University of British ColumbiaHospital Clinic for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Lee, Philip E AU - Lee PE AD - Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute and University of British ColumbiaHospital Clinic for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Munkacsy, Michelle AU - Munkacsy M AD - Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Cheung, Winnie AU - Cheung W AD - Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Liu-Ambrose, Teresa AU - Liu-Ambrose T AD - Department of Physical Therapy, Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada. AD - Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PL - Netherlands TA - J Alzheimers Dis JT - Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD JID - 9814863 RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 7171WSG8A2 (BDNF protein, human) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Brain Ischemia/physiopathology/psychology/*therapy MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/blood MH - *Cognition MH - Cognitive Dysfunction/physiopathology/psychology/*therapy MH - Exercise Test MH - *Exercise Therapy MH - Female MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - *Sex Characteristics MH - Single-Blind Method MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aerobic exercise OT - brain derived neurotrophic factor OT - executive function OT - randomized controlled trial OT - sex differences OT - vascular cognitive impairment EDAT- 2017/10/19 06:00 MHDA- 2018/07/24 06:00 CRDT- 2017/10/18 06:00 PHST- 2017/10/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/07/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/10/18 06:00 [entrez] AID - JAD170221 [pii] AID - 10.3233/JAD-170221 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;60(4):1397-1410. doi: 10.3233/JAD-170221.