PMID- 29038498
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190701
LR  - 20190701
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Oct 16
TI  - Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex 
      predator to pathogens and contaminants.
PG  - 13193
LID - 10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9 [doi]
LID - 13193
AB  - Recent decline of sea ice habitat has coincided with increased use of land by 
      polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea (SB), which may 
      alter the risks of exposure to pathogens and contaminants. We assayed blood 
      samples from SB polar bears to assess prior exposure to the pathogens Brucella 
      spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis, and Neospora 
      caninum, estimate concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and 
      evaluate risk factors associated with exposure to pathogens and POPs. We found 
      that seroprevalence of Brucella spp. and T. gondii antibodies likely increased 
      through time, and provide the first evidence of exposure of polar bears to C. 
      burnetii, N. caninum, and F. tularensis. Additionally, the odds of exposure to T. 
      gondii were greater for bears that used land than for bears that remained on the 
      sea ice during summer and fall, while mean concentrations of the POP chlordane 
      (SigmaCHL) were lower for land-based bears. Changes in polar bear behavior brought 
      about by climate-induced modifications to the Arctic marine ecosystem may 
      increase exposure risk to certain pathogens and alter contaminant exposure 
      pathways.
FAU - Atwood, Todd C
AU  - Atwood TC
AD  - US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, 
      AK, 99508, USA. tatwood@usgs.gov.
FAU - Duncan, Colleen
AU  - Duncan C
AD  - Colorado State University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, 
      300 West Drake Ave., Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
FAU - Patyk, Kelly A
AU  - Patyk KA
AD  - United States Department of Agriculture/APHIS/VS/STAS/Center for Epidemiology and 
      Animal Health, 2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. B, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
FAU - Nol, Pauline
AU  - Nol P
AD  - United States Department of Agriculture/APHIS/VS/National Wildlife Research 
      Center, 4101 Laporte Ave., Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
FAU - Rhyan, Jack
AU  - Rhyan J
AD  - United States Department of Agriculture/APHIS/VS/National Wildlife Research 
      Center, 4101 Laporte Ave., Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
FAU - McCollum, Matthew
AU  - McCollum M
AD  - United States Department of Agriculture/APHIS/VS/National Wildlife Research 
      Center, 4101 Laporte Ave., Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
FAU - McKinney, Melissa A
AU  - McKinney MA
AD  - University of Connecticut, Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation Center, Department 
      of Natural Resources and the Environment and the Center for Environmental 
      Sciences and Engineering, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT, 06269-4087, 
      USA.
FAU - Ramey, Andrew M
AU  - Ramey AM
AD  - US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, 
      AK, 99508, USA.
FAU - Cerqueira-Cezar, Camila K
AU  - Cerqueira-Cezar CK
AD  - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 
      Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, 
      Building 1001, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA.
FAU - Kwok, Oliver C H
AU  - Kwok OCH
AD  - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 
      Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, 
      Building 1001, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA.
FAU - Dubey, Jitender P
AU  - Dubey JP
AD  - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 
      Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, 
      Building 1001, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA.
FAU - Hennager, Steven
AU  - Hennager S
AD  - United States Department of Agriculture/APHIS/VS/STAS/National Veterinary 
      Services Laboratory, Diagnostic Bacteriology Laboratory- Serology Section, 1920 
      Dayton Ave., Ames, IA, 50010, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20171016
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arctic Regions
MH  - Brucella/immunology/isolation & purification
MH  - Coxiella burnetii/immunology/isolation & purification
MH  - *Ecosystem
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/toxicity
MH  - Francisella tularensis/immunology/isolation & purification
MH  - Ice Cover
MH  - Neospora/immunology/isolation & purification
MH  - Toxoplasma/immunology/isolation & purification
MH  - Ursidae/*microbiology
PMC - PMC5643432
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2017/10/19 06:00
MHDA- 2019/07/02 06:00
PMCR- 2017/10/16
CRDT- 2017/10/18 06:00
PHST- 2017/05/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/09/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/10/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/07/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/10/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9 [pii]
AID - 13496 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 16;7(1):13193. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9.