PMID- 29061976
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190712
LR  - 20190712
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Oct 23
TI  - Ontology-based systematical representation and drug class effect analysis of 
      package insert-reported adverse events associated with cardiovascular drugs used 
      in China.
PG  - 13819
LID - 10.1038/s41598-017-12580-4 [doi]
LID - 13819
AB  - With increased usage of cardiovascular drugs (CVDs) for treating cardiovascular 
      diseases, it is important to analyze CVD-associated adverse events (AEs). In this 
      study, we systematically collected package insert-reported AEs associated with 
      CVDs used in China, and developed and analyzed an Ontology of Cardiovascular Drug 
      AEs (OCVDAE). Extending the Ontology of AEs (OAE) and NDF-RT, OCVDAE includes 194 
      CVDs, CVD ingredients, mechanisms of actions (MoAs), and CVD-associated 736 AEs. 
      An AE-specific drug class effect is defined to exist when all the drugs (drug 
      chemical ingredients or drug products) in a drug class are associated with an AE, 
      which is formulated as a new proportional class level ratio ("PCR") = 1. Our 
      PCR-based heatmap analysis identified many class level drug effects on different 
      AE classes such as behavioral and neurological AE and digestive system AE. 
      Additional drug-AE correlation tests (i.e., class-level PRR, Chi-squared, and 
      minimal case reports) were also modified and applied to further detect 
      statistically significant drug class effects. Two drug ingredient classes and 
      three CVD MoA classes were found to have statistically significant class effects 
      on 13 AEs. For example, the CVD Active Transporter Interactions class (including 
      reserpine, indapamide, digoxin, and deslanoside) has statistically significant 
      class effect on anorexia and diarrhea AEs.
FAU - Wang, Liwei
AU  - Wang L
AD  - Department of Medical Informatics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 
      Changchun, 130021, China. wang.liwei@mayo.edu.
AD  - Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55901, USA. 
      wang.liwei@mayo.edu.
FAU - Li, Mei
AU  - Li M
AD  - Library, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050017, China.
FAU - Xie, Jiangan
AU  - Xie J
AD  - Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine and Department of Microbiology and 
      Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
AD  - School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 
      Chongqing, 400065, China.
FAU - Cao, Yuying
AU  - Cao Y
AD  - Department of Medical Informatics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 
      Changchun, 130021, China.
FAU - Liu, Hongfang
AU  - Liu H
AD  - Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55901, USA.
FAU - He, Yongqun
AU  - He Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9189-9661
AD  - Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine and Department of Microbiology and 
      Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. 
      yongqunh@umich.edu.
AD  - Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan 
      Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. yongqunh@umich.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AI081062/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20171023
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Cardiovascular Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Biological Ontologies
MH  - Cardiovascular Agents/*adverse effects
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/*drug therapy
MH  - China
MH  - *Data Interpretation, Statistical
MH  - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/*etiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Medicine, Chinese Traditional/*adverse effects
MH  - *Product Labeling
PMC - PMC5653862
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2017/10/25 06:00
MHDA- 2019/07/13 06:00
PMCR- 2017/10/23
CRDT- 2017/10/25 06:00
PHST- 2017/01/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/09/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/10/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/07/13 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/10/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-017-12580-4 [pii]
AID - 12580 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-017-12580-4 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 23;7(1):13819. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12580-4.