PMID- 29083383
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 2076-3271 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-3271 (Linking)
VI  - 4
IP  - 4
DP  - 2016 Nov 25
TI  - Evaluation of Multiple Diagnostic Indicators in Comparison to the Intestinal 
      Biopsy as the Golden Standard in Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Children.
LID - 10.3390/medsci4040020 [doi]
LID - 20
AB  - Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic small intestinal enteropathy triggered by gluten 
      in genetically predisposed individuals. The susceptibility is strongly associated 
      with certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-genes, but efforts are being made in 
      trying to find non-HLA genes that are predictive for the disease. The criteria 
      for diagnosing CD were previously based primarily on histologic evaluation of 
      small intestinal biopsies, but nowadays are often based only on blood tests and 
      symptoms. In this context, we elucidated the accuracy of three diagnostic 
      indicators for CD, alone or in combination. Genetic analyses of HLA-type and nine 
      single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) known to be associated with CD were 
      performed in 177 children previously investigated for the suspicion of CD. CD was 
      confirmed in 109 children, while 68 were considered non-celiacs. The antibodies 
      and urinary nitrite/nitrate concentrations of all of them were measured. The 
      combinations of all the variables used in the study would classify 93% of the 
      study population in the correct diagnostic group. The single best predictors were 
      antibodies (i.e., anti-endomysium immunoglobulin A (IgA) (EMA) and 
      transglutaminase IgA (TGA)), followed by HLA-type and nitric oxide 
      (NO)-metabolites. The nine SNPs used did not contribute to the right diagnoses. 
      Although our control group consisted of children with mostly gastrointestinal 
      symptoms, the presented methodology predicted a correct classification in more 
      than 90% of the cases.
FAU - Hollen, Elisabet
AU  - Hollen E
AD  - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and 
      Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linkoping 
      University, SE-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden. elisabet.hollen@liu.se.
FAU - Farneback, Malin
AU  - Farneback M
AD  - Dynamic Code AB, SE-582 56 Linkoping, Sweden. Malin@dynamiccode.se.
FAU - Forslund, Tony
AU  - Forslund T
AD  - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and 
      Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linkoping 
      University, SE-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden. tony.forslund@liu.se.
FAU - Magnusson, Karl-Eric
AU  - Magnusson KE
AD  - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and 
      Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linkoping 
      University, SE-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden. karl-eric.magnusson@liu.se.
FAU - Sundqvist, Tommy
AU  - Sundqvist T
AD  - Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and 
      Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linkoping 
      University, SE-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden. tommy.sundqvist@liu.se.
FAU - Falth-Magnusson, Karin
AU  - Falth-Magnusson K
AD  - Division of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 
      Linkoping University, SE-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden. karin.falth-magnusson@liu.se.
AD  - Department of Paediatrics and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 
      Linkoping University, SE-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden. karin.falth-magnusson@liu.se.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20161125
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Med Sci (Basel)
JT  - Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101629322
PMC - PMC5635793
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - antibodies
OT  - celiac disease
OT  - children
OT  - diagnosis
OT  - genetic analyses of HLA type and SNPs
OT  - nitric oxide
OT  - small bowel biopsy
COIS- Malin Farneback is an employee of Dynamic Code AB. The other authors declare no 
      conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2017/10/31 06:00
MHDA- 2017/10/31 06:01
PMCR- 2016/11/25
CRDT- 2017/10/31 06:00
PHST- 2016/09/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/11/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/11/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/10/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/10/31 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - medsci4040020 [pii]
AID - medsci-04-00020 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/medsci4040020 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Med Sci (Basel). 2016 Nov 25;4(4):20. doi: 10.3390/medsci4040020.