PMID- 29084096
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180625
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1533-4287 (Electronic)
IS  - 1064-8011 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Jan
TI  - Reliability and Sensitivity of the Power Push-up Test for Upper-Body Strength and 
      Power in 6-15-Year-Old Male Athletes.
PG  - 83-96
LID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002313 [doi]
AB  - Gillen, ZM, Miramonti, AA, McKay, BD, Jenkins, NDM, Leutzinger, TJ, and Cramer, 
      JT. Reliability and sensitivity of the power push-up test for upper-body strength 
      and power in 6-15-year-old male athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 83-96, 
      2018-The power push-up (PPU) test is an explosive upper-body test performed on a 
      force plate and is currently being used in high school football combines 
      throughout the United States. The purpose of this study was to quantify the 
      reliability of the PPU test based on age and starting position (knees vs. toes) 
      in young athletes. Sixty-eight boys (mean +/- SD; age = 10.8 +/- 2.0 years) were 
      tested twice over 5 days. Boys were separated by age as 6-9 years (n = 16), 10-11 
      years (n = 26), and 12-15 years (n = 26). The PPU test was performed on a force 
      plate while rotating from the knees vs. the toes. Measurements were peak force 
      (PF, N), peak rate of force development (pRFD, N.s), average power (AP, W), and 
      peak power (PP, W). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,1), SEMs, 
      coefficients of variation (CVs), and minimum detectable changes (MDCs) were 
      calculated to quantify reliability and sensitivity. Peak force from the knees in 
      10-15-year-olds, PF from the toes in 12-15-year-olds, and pRFD from the knees and 
      toes in 12-15-year-olds were comparably reliable (ICC >/= 0.84). Neither power 
      measurements (AP or PP) for any age group, nor any measurements (PF, pRFD, AP, or 
      PP) for the 6-9-year-olds were comparably reliable (ICC </= 0.74). When considering 
      the reliable variables, PF was greater in the 12-15-year-olds than in 
      10-11-year-olds (p </= 0.05). In addition, in 12-15-year-olds, PF and pRFD were 
      greater from the knees than from the toes (p </= 0.05). For reasons largely 
      attributable to growth and development, the PPU test may be a reliable (ICC >/= 
      0.80) and sensitive (CV </= 19%) measure of upper-body strength (PF), whereas pRFD 
      was also reliable (ICC >/= 0.80), but less sensitive (CV = 30-38%) in 
      10-15-year-old male athletes.
FAU - Gillen, Zachary M
AU  - Gillen ZM
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 
      Lincoln, Nebraska.
FAU - Miramonti, Amelia A
AU  - Miramonti AA
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 
      Lincoln, Nebraska.
FAU - McKay, Brianna D
AU  - McKay BD
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 
      Lincoln, Nebraska.
FAU - Jenkins, Nathaniel D M
AU  - Jenkins NDM
AD  - Department of Health and Human Performance, Oklahoma State University, 
      Stillwater, Oklahoma.
FAU - Leutzinger, Todd J
AU  - Leutzinger TJ
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 
      Lincoln, Nebraska.
FAU - Cramer, Joel T
AU  - Cramer JT
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 
      Lincoln, Nebraska.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Strength Cond Res
JT  - Journal of strength and conditioning research
JID - 9415084
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - *Athletes
MH  - Child
MH  - Exercise Test/*methods/standards
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscle Strength/*physiology
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*physiology
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
EDAT- 2017/10/31 06:00
MHDA- 2018/06/26 06:00
CRDT- 2017/10/31 06:00
PHST- 2017/10/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/06/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/10/31 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002313 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Strength Cond Res. 2018 Jan;32(1):83-96. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002313.