PMID- 29085437
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1792-1074 (Print)
IS  - 1792-1082 (Electronic)
IS  - 1792-1074 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 4
DP  - 2017 Oct
TI  - HLA-mediated tumor escape mechanisms that may impair immunotherapy clinical 
      outcomes via T-cell activation.
PG  - 4415-4427
LID - 10.3892/ol.2017.6784 [doi]
AB  - Although the immune system provides protection from cancer by means of 
      immunosurveillance, which serves a major function in eliminating cancer cells, it 
      may also lead to cancer immunoediting, molding tumor immunogenicity. Cancer cells 
      exploit several molecular mechanisms to thwart immune-mediated death by disabling 
      cellular components of the immune system associated with tumor recognition and 
      rejection. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules are mandatory for the immune 
      recognition and subsequent killing of neoplastic cells by the immune system, as 
      tumor antigens must be presented in an HLA-restricted manner to be recognized by 
      T-cell receptors. Impaired HLA-I expression prevents the activation of cytotoxic 
      immune mechanisms, whereas impaired HLA-II expression affects the 
      antigen-presenting capability of antigen presenting cells. Aberrant HLA-G 
      expression by cancer cells favors immune escape by inhibiting the activities of 
      virtually all immune cells. The development of cancer therapies based on T-cell 
      activation must consider these HLA-associated immune evasion mechanisms, as 
      alterations in their expression occur early and frequently in the majority of 
      types of cancer, and have an adverse impact on the clinical response to 
      immunotherapy. Herein, the concept of altered HLA expression as a mechanism 
      exploited by tumors to escape immune control and induce an immunosuppressive 
      environment is reviewed. A number of novel clinical immunotherapeutic approaches 
      used for cancer treatment are also reviewed, and strategies for overcoming the 
      limitations of these immunotherapeutic interventions are proposed.
FAU - Rodriguez, Josefa A
AU  - Rodriguez JA
AD  - Cancer Biology Research Group, National Cancer Institute of Colombia, 111511 
      Bogota, Colombia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170821
PL  - Greece
TA  - Oncol Lett
JT  - Oncology letters
JID - 101531236
PMC - PMC5649701
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - human leukocyte antigens
OT  - immune checkpoints
OT  - immunosurveillance
OT  - immunotherapy
OT  - tumor immune escape
OT  - tumor microenvironment
EDAT- 2017/11/01 06:00
MHDA- 2017/11/01 06:01
PMCR- 2017/08/21
CRDT- 2017/11/01 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/03/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/11/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/11/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/11/01 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/08/21 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - OL-0-0-6784 [pii]
AID - 10.3892/ol.2017.6784 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Oncol Lett. 2017 Oct;14(4):4415-4427. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.6784. Epub 2017 Aug 
      21.