PMID- 29139030
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180808
LR  - 20211204
IS  - 1434-9949 (Electronic)
IS  - 0770-3198 (Print)
IS  - 0770-3198 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 2
DP  - 2018 Feb
TI  - Potential risk factors for reactive arthritis and persistence of symptoms at 
      2 years: a case-control study with longitudinal follow-up.
PG  - 415-422
LID - 10.1007/s10067-017-3911-3 [doi]
AB  - The objective of the study is to determine the risk factors for the development 
      of reactive arthritis (ReA) and examine the factors associated with the 
      persistence of symptoms. Patients with a new diagnosis of ReA and controls with a 
      gastrointestinal (GI), urogenital, or sexually transmitted infection in the 
      3-6 months prior to study entry were prospectively enrolled in Guatemala City. 
      ReA patients fulfilled the Assessment in Spondyloarthritis International Society 
      criteria for peripheral spondyloarthropathy (SpA). Patients underwent history, 
      examination, Achilles tendon ultrasound, and blood draw. Human leukocyte antigen 
      (HLA) type and serum biomarkers were measured. t tests and nonparametric 
      equivalents were used to examine the association of clinical, laboratory, and 
      imaging factors with ReA. Patients were contacted 2 years later to assess for 
      persistence of symptoms. Study subjects included patients with ReA (N = 32) and 
      controls (N = 32). ReA patients were most frequently infected in April whereas 
      controls were most frequently infected in August. Two ReA patients and two 
      controls were HLA-B27-positive. Serum cathepsin K and C-reactive protein were 
      higher in ReA patients compared to controls (p = 0.03 for both), while total 
      cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were lower (p = 0.008 and 0.045, 
      respectively). Among those with ReA, 15 (47%) patients had continued symptoms at 
      2 years. These patients had a lower matrix metalloproteinase-3 level at diagnosis 
      than patients for whom ReA resolved (p = 0.004). HLA-B27 was not associated with 
      development of ReA in Guatemala; however, the month of infection was associated 
      with ReA. The most striking finding was the persistence of arthritis at 2 years 
      in nearly half of the patients.
FAU - Garcia Ferrer, Helga Raquel
AU  - Garcia Ferrer HR
AD  - Guatemalan Association against Rheumatic Diseases (AGAR), Guatemala City, 
      Guatemala.
AD  - Universidad Francisco Marroquin, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
FAU - Azan, Alexander
AU  - Azan A
AD  - Division of Rheumatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of 
      Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
FAU - Iraheta, Isa
AU  - Iraheta I
AD  - Guatemalan Association against Rheumatic Diseases (AGAR), Guatemala City, 
      Guatemala.
FAU - Von Feldt, Joan
AU  - Von Feldt J
AD  - Division of Rheumatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of 
      Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
FAU - Espinoza, Luis R
AU  - Espinoza LR
AD  - LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
FAU - Manasson, Julia
AU  - Manasson J
AD  - New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
FAU - Scher, Jose U
AU  - Scher JU
AD  - New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
FAU - Garcia Kutzbach, Abraham
AU  - Garcia Kutzbach A
AD  - Guatemalan Association against Rheumatic Diseases (AGAR), Guatemala City, 
      Guatemala.
AD  - Universidad Francisco Marroquin, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
FAU - Ogdie, Alexis
AU  - Ogdie A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4639-0775
AD  - Division of Rheumatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of 
      Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. alexis.ogdie@uphs.upenn.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - D43 TW008317/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23 AR063764/National Institutes of Health/
GR  - K23 AR064318/National Institutes of Health/
GR  - K23 AR063764/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 AR069515/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23 AR064318/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - D43TW008317/Fogarty International Center/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20171114
PL  - Germany
TA  - Clin Rheumatol
JT  - Clinical rheumatology
JID - 8211469
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (HLA-B27 Antigen)
RN  - 0 (PHB2 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Prohibitins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Arthritis, Reactive/*diagnosis/etiology/immunology
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - HLA-B27 Antigen/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prohibitins
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Symptom Assessment
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC5776049
MID - NIHMS923225
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biomarkers
OT  - Epidemiology
OT  - Prognosis
OT  - Reactive arthritis
OT  - Risk factors
OT  - Spondyloarthropathy
COIS- Conflicts of Interest: AO has consulted for Novartis and Pfizer and has received 
      grant support from Pfizer and Novartis. JUS has consulted for Novartis, Janssen 
      and UCB. AGK served as a principal investigar for studies funded by MS&D, 
      Novartis, Pfzier, and Lilly. The remaining authors do not report a conflict of 
      interest.
EDAT- 2017/11/16 06:00
MHDA- 2018/08/09 06:00
PMCR- 2019/02/01
CRDT- 2017/11/16 06:00
PHST- 2017/05/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/11/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/11/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/08/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/11/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s10067-017-3911-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s10067-017-3911-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Feb;37(2):415-422. doi: 10.1007/s10067-017-3911-3. Epub 2017 
      Nov 14.