PMID- 29156632 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180731 LR - 20181113 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 11 DP - 2017 Nov 20 TI - Neurotropism In Vitro and Mouse Models of Severe and Mild Infection with Clinical Strains of Enterovirus 71. LID - 10.3390/v9110351 [doi] LID - 351 AB - Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a common etiological agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease and fatal neurological diseases in children. The neuropathogenicity of severe EV71 infection has been documented, but studies comparing mouse models of severe and mild EV71 infection are lacking. The aim of the study was to investigate the neurovirulence of EV71 strains and the differences in serum cytokine and chemokine levels in mouse models of severe and mild EV71 infection. Nine EV71 isolates belonging to the C4 subgenogroup (proposed as genotype D) displayed infectivity in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells; moreover, ultrastructural observation confirmed viral particle replication. The survival rate of the severe model was 71.43% (5/7), and 60% (3/5) of the surviving severe model mice displayed sequelae of paralysis, whereas the only symptom in mild model mice was ruffled fur. Dynamic detection of serum cytokine and chemokine levels demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (also called Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed, and Secreted (CCL5/RANTES) were significantly up-regulated at the early period of infection, indicating that these factors might herald a severe outcome. Our findings suggest that elevated cytokines and chemokines may have potential value as prognostic markers in mouse models. FAU - Yu, Pin AU - Yu P AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC); Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100021, China. pinyucau@gmail.com. FAU - Bao, Linlin AU - Bao L AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC); Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100021, China. bllmsl@aliyun.com. FAU - Xu, Lili AU - Xu L AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC); Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100021, China. xull@cnilas.org. FAU - Li, Fengdi AU - Li F AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC); Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100021, China. icyli1019@hotmail.com. FAU - Lv, Qi AU - Lv Q AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC); Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100021, China. qqmei-qiqi@163.com. FAU - Deng, Wei AU - Deng W AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC); Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100021, China. dengwei717@163.com. FAU - Xu, Yanfeng AU - Xu Y AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC); Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100021, China. yanfxu@gmail.com. FAU - Qin, Chuan AU - Qin C AD - Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC); Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100021, China. qinchuan@pumc.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20171120 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Chemokines) RN - 0 (Cytokines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Cell Line MH - Chemokines/blood MH - Cytokines/blood MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Enterovirus A, Human/immunology/*pathogenicity MH - Enterovirus Infections/immunology/*virology MH - Humans MH - Mice MH - Neuroblastoma/virology MH - Viral Load MH - *Viral Tropism MH - Virulence MH - Virus Replication PMC - PMC5707558 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chemokine OT - cytokine OT - enterovirus 71 OT - severe and mild mouse models OT - virulence COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2017/11/22 06:00 MHDA- 2018/08/01 06:00 PMCR- 2017/11/01 CRDT- 2017/11/22 06:00 PHST- 2017/09/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/11/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/11/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/11/22 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/11/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/08/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v9110351 [pii] AID - viruses-09-00351 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v9110351 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2017 Nov 20;9(11):351. doi: 10.3390/v9110351.