PMID- 29167331
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171207
LR  - 20220316
IS  - 1522-1210 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-9333 (Linking)
VI  - 98
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Jan 1
TI  - Spaceflight-Induced Intracranial Hypertension and Visual Impairment: 
      Pathophysiology and Countermeasures.
PG  - 59-87
LID - 10.1152/physrev.00017.2016 [doi]
AB  - Visual impairment intracranial pressure (VIIP) syndrome is considered an 
      unexplained major risk for future long-duration spaceflight. NASA recently 
      redefined this syndrome as Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS). 
      Evidence thus reviewed supports that chronic, mildly elevated intracranial 
      pressure (ICP) in space (as opposed to more variable ICP with posture and 
      activity on Earth) is largely accounted for by loss of hydrostatic pressures and 
      altered hemodynamics in the intracranial circulation and the cerebrospinal fluid 
      system. In space, an elevated pressure gradient across the lamina cribrosa, 
      caused by a chronic but mildly elevated ICP, likely elicits adaptations of 
      multiple structures and fluid systems in the eye which manifest themselves as the 
      VIIP syndrome. A chronic mismatch between ICP and intraocular pressure (IOP) in 
      space may acclimate the optic nerve head, lamina cribrosa, and optic nerve 
      subarachnoid space to a condition that is maladaptive to Earth, all contributing 
      to the pathogenesis of space VIIP syndrome. Relevant findings help to evaluate 
      whether artificial gravity is an appropriate countermeasure to prevent this 
      seemingly adverse effect of long-duration spaceflight.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 the American Physiological Society.
FAU - Zhang, Li-Fan
AU  - Zhang LF
AD  - Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 
      China; and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San 
      Diego, California.
FAU - Hargens, Alan R
AU  - Hargens AR
AD  - Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 
      China; and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San 
      Diego, California.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Physiol Rev
JT  - Physiological reviews
JID - 0231714
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intracranial Hypertension/etiology/pathology/*physiopathology
MH  - Intracranial Pressure/*physiology
MH  - Intraocular Pressure/*physiology
MH  - Posture/*physiology
MH  - *Space Flight
MH  - Vision Disorders/etiology/pathology/*physiopathology
EDAT- 2017/11/24 06:00
MHDA- 2017/12/08 06:00
CRDT- 2017/11/24 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/05/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/05/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/11/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/11/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/12/08 06:00 [medline]
AID - 98/1/59 [pii]
AID - 10.1152/physrev.00017.2016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Physiol Rev. 2018 Jan 1;98(1):59-87. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00017.2016.