PMID- 29169085
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180827
LR  - 20180827
IS  - 1872-7077 (Electronic)
IS  - 1382-6689 (Linking)
VI  - 57
DP  - 2018 Jan
TI  - Combined toxicity of triclosan, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol to 
      zebrafish (Danio rerio).
PG  - 9-18
LID - S1382-6689(17)30303-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.etap.2017.11.006 [doi]
AB  - Triclosan (TCS), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol 
      (2,4-DCP) are the most prevalent chlorinated phenolic pollutants in aquatic 
      environments. Our results showed LC(50) and EC(50) values of 0.51, 1.11, 
      2.45mg/L, and 0.36, 0.74, 1.53mg/L for TCS, 2,4,6-TCP and 2,4-DCP, respectively, 
      to 120hpf zebrafish. The highest TCSD (the mixture of TCS, 2,4,6-TCP and 2,4-DCP) 
      toxicity was observed at a TCS:2,4,6-TCP:2,4-DCP concentration ratio of 1:2:4. 
      LC(50) and EC(50) values of TCSD mixtures for 120-hpf zebrafish were 2.28 and 
      1.16mg/L, respectively. Two toxicity assessment methods (Toxic Unit and Mixture 
      Toxicity Index) indicated that TCSD interactions produced partly additive 
      toxicity. TCSD exposure decreased zebrafish hatching rate and led to a series of 
      malformations. Following alkaline phosphatase staining, a large area of vascular 
      ablation was observed with almost complete disappearance of vascular branches and 
      a smaller coverage range. Prominent reddening of the yolk sac and visceral mass 
      after oil red O staining implied that TCSD exposure severely affected fat 
      metabolism. Following acridine orange staining, cell death occurred in eyes while 
      high TCSD concentrations (0.84mg/L) induced cardiovascular circulation 
      dysfunction. Alcian blue staining increased the alpha angle between Meckel's 
      cartilages and beta angle between two ceratobranchial. Basihyal and palatoquadrate 
      became shorter and developmental abnormality or defects occurred in the fifth 
      ceratobranchial. Overall, these results provide a theoretical basis for 
      systematically evaluating the combined toxicity of the prevalent chlorinated 
      phenolic pollutants in real-world aquatic environments.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Zhang, Yuhuan
AU  - Zhang Y
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
FAU - Liu, Mi
AU  - Liu M
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
FAU - Liu, Jinfeng
AU  - Liu J
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
FAU - Wang, Xuedong
AU  - Wang X
AD  - Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 
      Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
FAU - Wang, Caihong
AU  - Wang C
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
FAU - Ai, Weiming
AU  - Ai W
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
FAU - Chen, Shaobo
AU  - Chen S
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
FAU - Wang, Huili
AU  - Wang H
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. 
      Electronic address: whuili@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20171227
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
JT  - Environmental toxicology and pharmacology
JID - 9612020
RN  - 0 (Anthelmintics)
RN  - 0 (Anti-Infective Agents, Local)
RN  - 0 (Chlorophenols)
RN  - 0 (Mutagens)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 4NM5039Y5X (Triclosan)
RN  - MHS8C5BAUZ (2,4,6-trichlorophenol)
RN  - R669TG1950 (2,4-dichlorophenol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Genetically Modified
MH  - Anthelmintics/toxicity
MH  - Anti-Infective Agents, Local/toxicity
MH  - Chlorophenols/*toxicity
MH  - Drug Synergism
MH  - Embryo, Nonmammalian/abnormalities/drug effects
MH  - Mutagens/*toxicity
MH  - Triclosan/*toxicity
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*toxicity
MH  - Zebrafish/abnormalities/embryology/genetics
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 2,4-Dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol
OT  - Joint toxicity
OT  - Mixtures of triclosan
OT  - Partly additive effect
OT  - Staining and histopathological observation
OT  - Triclosan
EDAT- 2017/11/24 06:00
MHDA- 2018/08/28 06:00
CRDT- 2017/11/24 06:00
PHST- 2017/08/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/11/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/11/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/08/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/11/24 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S1382-6689(17)30303-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.etap.2017.11.006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Jan;57:9-18. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.11.006. 
      Epub 2017 Dec 27.