PMID- 29178010
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181231
LR  - 20181231
IS  - 1432-2072 (Electronic)
IS  - 0033-3158 (Linking)
VI  - 235
IP  - 2
DP  - 2018 Feb
TI  - Psychedelics and reconsolidation of traumatic and appetitive maladaptive 
      memories: focus on cannabinoids and ketamine.
PG  - 433-445
LID - 10.1007/s00213-017-4793-4 [doi]
AB  - RATIONALE: Clinical data with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in 
      post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients recently stimulated interest on 
      the potential therapeutic use of psychedelics in disorders characterized by 
      maladaptive memories, including substance use disorders (SUD). The rationale for 
      the use of MDMA in PTSD and SUD is being extended to a broader beneficial 
      "psychedelic effect," which is supporting further clinical investigations, in 
      spite of the lack of mechanistic hypothesis. Considering that the retrieval of 
      emotional memories reactivates specific brain mechanisms vulnerable to 
      inhibition, interference, or strengthening (i.e., the reconsolidation process), 
      it was proposed that the ability to retrieve and change these maladaptive 
      memories might be a novel intervention for PTSD and SUD. The mechanisms 
      underlying MDMA effects indicate memory reconsolidation modulation as a 
      hypothetical process underlying its efficacy. OBJECTIVE: Mechanistic and clinical 
      studies with other two classes of psychedelic substances, namely cannabinoids and 
      ketamine, are providing data in support of a potential use in PTSD and SUD based 
      on the modulation of traumatic and appetitive memory reconsolidation, 
      respectively. Here, we review preclinical and clinical data on cannabinoids and 
      ketamine effects on biobehavioral processes related to the reconsolidation of 
      maladaptive memories. RESULTS: We report the findings supporting (or not) the 
      working hypothesis linking the potential therapeutic effect of these substances 
      to the underlying reconsolidation process. We also proposed possible approaches 
      for testing the use of these two classes of drugs within the current paradigm of 
      reconsolidation memory inhibition. CONCLUSIONS: Metaplasticity may be the process 
      in common between cannabinoids and ketamine/ketamine-like substance effects on 
      the mediation and potential manipulation of maladaptive memories.
FAU - Fattore, Liana
AU  - Fattore L
AD  - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Neuroscience-Cagliari, Cagliari, 
      Italy.
FAU - Piva, Alessandro
AU  - Piva A
AD  - Sezione Farmacologia, Dipt. Diagnostica e Sanita Pubblica, Universita degli Studi 
      di Verona, Policlinico Borgo Roma, P.le Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Zanda, Mary Tresa
AU  - Zanda MT
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical 
      Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, SP 
      8, Km 0.700, 09042, Monserrato, Italy.
FAU - Fumagalli, Guido
AU  - Fumagalli G
AD  - Sezione Farmacologia, Dipt. Diagnostica e Sanita Pubblica, Universita degli Studi 
      di Verona, Policlinico Borgo Roma, P.le Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Chiamulera, Cristiano
AU  - Chiamulera C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5076-8518
AD  - Sezione Farmacologia, Dipt. Diagnostica e Sanita Pubblica, Universita degli Studi 
      di Verona, Policlinico Borgo Roma, P.le Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy. 
      cristiano.chiamulera@univr.it.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20171125
PL  - Germany
TA  - Psychopharmacology (Berl)
JT  - Psychopharmacology
JID - 7608025
RN  - 0 (Anesthetics, Dissociative)
RN  - 0 (Cannabinoids)
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 690G0D6V8H (Ketamine)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anesthetics, Dissociative/pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Animals
MH  - Appetitive Behavior/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - Cannabinoids/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Emotions/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Hallucinogens/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Ketamine/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Memory Consolidation/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*drug therapy/psychology
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/drug therapy/psychology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cannabinoids
OT  - Ketamine
OT  - Maladaptive memories
OT  - Post-traumatic stress disorders
OT  - Reconsolidation
OT  - Substance use disorders
EDAT- 2017/11/28 06:00
MHDA- 2019/01/01 06:00
CRDT- 2017/11/28 06:00
PHST- 2017/06/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/11/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/11/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/01/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/11/28 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00213-017-4793-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00213-017-4793-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2018 Feb;235(2):433-445. doi: 
      10.1007/s00213-017-4793-4. Epub 2017 Nov 25.