PMID- 29187178 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171215 LR - 20240327 IS - 1472-6882 (Electronic) IS - 1472-6882 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 1 DP - 2017 Nov 29 TI - Jia-Wei-Jiao-Tai-Wan ameliorates type 2 diabetes by improving beta cell function and reducing insulin resistance in diabetic rats. PG - 507 LID - 10.1186/s12906-017-2016-5 [doi] LID - 507 AB - BACKGROUND: Jia-Wei-Jiao-Tai-Wan (JWJTW), composed of Jiao-Tai-Wan (Cinnamomum cassia and Rhizoma coptidis) and other antidiabetic herbs, including Astragalus membranaceus, Herba Gynostemmatis, Radix Puerariae Lobatae, Folium Mori and Semen Trigonellae, is widely used to treat diabetes and has demonstrated a curative effect in the clinic, but the potential mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to explore the effects of JWJTW on diabetic rats and to clarify the underlying mechanism. METHODS: JWJTW was prepared, and the main components contained in the formula were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint analysis. Diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and a high-sucrose-high-fat diet were treated with two concentrations of JWJTW (1.025 and 2.05 g/kg/d) for 100 days. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin release test (IRT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed to measure the glycometabolism of the diabetic rats at the end of the treatment period. Blood was collected to determine the serum lipid levels of the diabetic rats. Nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) were detected in pancreas homogenates to analyze the oxidative stress in the pancreata of diabetic rats, and the expression levels of pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) and insulin in the pancreas were tested by Western blot to measure pancreatic islet function. In addition, Western blots were used to measure the expression of proteins related to the insulin signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of the diabetic rats. RESULTS: The results showed that the administration of JWJTW could ameliorate impairments in glucose tolerance, insulin release function and insulin tolerance in diabetic rats. JWJTW could also dose-dependently reduce serum lipid levels in diabetic rats. JWJTW restrained oxidative stress by decreasing the expression of NO and MDA and increasing the expression of SOD and GSH-px. JWJTW improved the function of pancreatic beta cells by increasing PDX-1 and insulin expression. In addition, JWJTW restored the impaired insulin signaling; upregulated phospho-insulin receptor (pInsR) expression, insulin receptor substrate (IRS) tyrosine phosphorylation, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) (p85), and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression; and downregulated the serine phosphorylation of IRS. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that JWJTW can ameliorate type 2 diabetes by improving beta cell function and reducing insulin resistance in diabetic rats. FAU - Chen, Guang AU - Chen G AD - Department of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. FAU - Yang, Xueping AU - Yang X AD - Institute of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. FAU - Yang, Xiaoyu AU - Yang X AD - Department of Oncology, Xiangyang No. 1 Hospital, Xiangyang, 441000, China. FAU - Li, Lingli AU - Li L AD - Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pu'ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430033, China. FAU - Luo, Jinlong AU - Luo J AD - Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. FAU - Dong, Hui AU - Dong H AD - Institute of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. FAU - Xu, Lijun AU - Xu L AD - Institute of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. FAU - Yi, Ping AU - Yi P AD - Department of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. FAU - Wang, Kaifu AU - Wang K AD - Institute of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. FAU - Zou, Xin AU - Zou X AD - Institute of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. FAU - Lu, Fuer AU - Lu F AD - Institute of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. felu@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn. LA - eng GR - 81673928/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 81403254/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 81373871/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20171129 PL - England TA - BMC Complement Altern Med JT - BMC complementary and alternative medicine JID - 101088661 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Drugs, Chinese Herbal) RN - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents) RN - 0 (Lipids) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Blood Glucose/drug effects MH - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*drug therapy/metabolism MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy/metabolism MH - Drugs, Chinese Herbal/*pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects MH - Lipids/blood MH - Male MH - Oxidative Stress/drug effects MH - Rats MH - Rats, Wistar PMC - PMC5707914 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Insulin resistance OT - Jia-Wei-Jiao-Tai-Wan (JWJTW) OT - Oxidative stress OT - Pancreatic beta cell OT - Type 2 diabetes mellitus COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL: All procedures were overseen and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology before and during the experiment ([2015] IACUC Number: 305). CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. EDAT- 2017/12/01 06:00 MHDA- 2017/12/16 06:00 PMCR- 2017/11/29 CRDT- 2017/12/01 06:00 PHST- 2017/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/11/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/12/01 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/12/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/12/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/11/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12906-017-2016-5 [pii] AID - 2016 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12906-017-2016-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Nov 29;17(1):507. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-2016-5.