PMID- 29188368
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180425
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1432-1955 (Electronic)
IS  - 0932-0113 (Linking)
VI  - 117
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Jan
TI  - In vitro and in vivo thermal stress induces proliferation of Blastocystis sp.
PG  - 177-187
LID - 10.1007/s00436-017-5688-3 [doi]
AB  - Blastocystis sp. is known to be the most commonly found intestinal protozoan 
      parasite in human fecal surveys and has been incriminated to cause diarrhea and 
      abdominal bloating. Binary fission has been widely accepted as the plausible mode 
      of reproduction for this parasite. The present study demonstrates that subjecting 
      the parasites in vitro to higher temperature shows the proliferation of parasite 
      numbers in cultures. Transmission electron microscopy was used to compare the 
      morphology of Blastocystis sp. subtype 3 isolated from a dengue patient having 
      high fever (in vivo thermal stress) and Blastocystis sp. 3 maintained at 41  degrees C 
      (in vitro thermal stress) and 37  degrees C (control). Fluorescence stains like acridine 
      orange (AO) and 4',6'-diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) were used to demonstrate the 
      viability and nuclear content of the parasite for both the in vitro and in vivo 
      thermal stress groups of parasites. Blastocystis sp. at 37  degrees C was found to be 
      mostly vacuolar whereas the in vitro thermal stressed isolates at 41  degrees C were 
      granular with electron dense material seen to protect the granules within the 
      central body. Parasites of the in vivo thermal stressed group showed similar 
      ultrastructure as the in vitro ones. AO and DAPI staining provided evidence that 
      these granules are viable which develop into progenies of Blastocystis sp. These 
      granular forms were then observed to rupture and release progenies from the 
      mother cells whilst the peripheral cytoplasmic walls were seen to degrade. Upon 
      exposure to high temperature both in vitro and in vivo, Blastocystis sp. in 
      cultures show higher number of granular forms seen to be protected by the 
      electron dense material within the central body possibly acting as a protective 
      mechanism. This is possibly to ensure the ability to survive for the granules to 
      be developed as viable progenies for release into the host system.
FAU - Thergarajan, Gaythri
AU  - Thergarajan G
AD  - Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala 
      Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Govind, Suresh K
AU  - Govind SK
AD  - Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala 
      Lumpur, Malaysia. suresh@um.edu.my.
FAU - Bhassu, Subha
AU  - Bhassu S
AD  - Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 
      Malaysia.
LA  - eng
GR  - PG141-2016A/University Malaya Postgraduate Research Fund PPP/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20171129
PL  - Germany
TA  - Parasitol Res
JT  - Parasitology research
JID - 8703571
RN  - 0 (Indoles)
RN  - F30N4O6XVV (Acridine Orange)
RN  - MQD44HV3P1 (2-phenylindole)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acridine Orange
MH  - Adult
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blastocystis/isolation & purification/*physiology/ultrastructure
MH  - Blastocystis Infections/parasitology
MH  - Cell Proliferation
MH  - Dengue/parasitology
MH  - Diarrhea/parasitology
MH  - Feces/parasitology
MH  - *Heat-Shock Response
MH  - Humans
MH  - Indoles
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
MH  - Reproduction
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Blastocystis sp.
OT  - Fluorescence
OT  - Granular form
OT  - Progenies
OT  - Thermal stress
OT  - Ultrastructure
EDAT- 2017/12/01 06:00
MHDA- 2018/04/26 06:00
CRDT- 2017/12/01 06:00
PHST- 2017/10/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/11/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/12/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/04/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/12/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00436-017-5688-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00436-017-5688-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Parasitol Res. 2018 Jan;117(1):177-187. doi: 10.1007/s00436-017-5688-3. Epub 2017 
      Nov 29.