PMID- 29207286
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181113
LR  - 20190318
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 111
DP  - 2018 Feb
TI  - Short-term effects of ultrafine particles on daily mortality by primary vehicle 
      exhaust versus secondary origin in three Spanish cities.
PG  - 144-151
LID - S0160-4120(17)31499-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.015 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Evidence on the short-term effects of ultrafine particles (with 
      diameter<100nm, UFP) on health is still inconsistent. New particles in ambient 
      urban air are the result of direct emissions and also the formation of secondary 
      UFP from gaseous precursors. We segregated UFP into these two components and 
      investigated their impact on daily mortality in three Spanish cities affected by 
      different sources of air pollution. METHODS: We separated the UFP using a method 
      based on the high correlation between black carbon (BC) and particle number 
      concentration (N). The first component accounts for aerosol constituents emitted 
      by vehicle exhaust (N1) and the second for the photochemical new particle 
      formation enhancements (N2). We applied city-specific Poisson regression models, 
      adjusting for long-term trends, temperature and population dynamics. RESULTS: 
      Mean BC levels were higher in Barcelona and Tenerife (1.8 and 1.2mug.m(-3), 
      respectively) than in Huelva (0.8mug.m(-3)). While mean UFP concentrations were 
      similar in the three cities, from which N1 was 40% in Barcelona, 46% in Santa 
      Cruz de Tenerife, and 27% in Huelva. We observed an association with N1 and daily 
      mortality in Barcelona, by increasing approximately 1.5% between lags 0 and 2, 
      per an interquartile increase (IQR) of 3277cm(-3), but not with N2. A similar 
      pattern was found in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, although none of the associations 
      were significant. Conversely, in the industrial city of Huelva mortality was 
      associated with N2 at lag 0, by increasing 3.9% per an IQR of 12,032.cm(-3). 
      CONCLUSION: The pattern and origin of UFP determines their short-term effect on 
      human health. BC is possibly the better parameter to evaluate the health effects 
      of particulate vehicle exhaust emissions, although in areas influenced by 
      domestic solid fuel combustion this should also be taken into account.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Tobias, Aurelio
AU  - Tobias A
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council 
      for Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: 
      aurelio.tobias@idaea.csic.es.
FAU - Rivas, Ioar
AU  - Rivas I
AD  - ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, 
      Spain.
FAU - Reche, Cristina
AU  - Reche C
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council 
      for Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Alastuey, Andres
AU  - Alastuey A
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council 
      for Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Rodriguez, Sergio
AU  - Rodriguez S
AD  - Joint Research Unit to CSIC "Studies on Atmospheric Pollution", Izana Atmospheric 
      Research Centre, AEMET, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
FAU - Fernandez-Camacho, Rocio
AU  - Fernandez-Camacho R
AD  - Centre Associate Unit CSIC-UHU "Atmospheric Pollution", Research in Sustainable 
      Chemistry (CIQSO), University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
FAU - Sanchez de la Campa, Ana M
AU  - Sanchez de la Campa AM
AD  - Centre Associate Unit CSIC-UHU "Atmospheric Pollution", Research in Sustainable 
      Chemistry (CIQSO), University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
FAU - de la Rosa, Jesus
AU  - de la Rosa J
AD  - Centre Associate Unit CSIC-UHU "Atmospheric Pollution", Research in Sustainable 
      Chemistry (CIQSO), University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
FAU - Sunyer, Jordi
AU  - Sunyer J
AD  - ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, 
      Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical 
      Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Hospital del Mar 
      Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Querol, Xavier
AU  - Querol X
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council 
      for Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20171220
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Aerosols)
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Particulate Matter)
RN  - 0 (Vehicle Emissions)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aerosols
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Air Pollutants/adverse effects/*analysis
MH  - Air Pollution/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cities
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Mortality
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Particulate Matter/adverse effects/*analysis
MH  - Spain/epidemiology
MH  - Vehicle Emissions/*analysis/toxicity
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Black carbon
OT  - *Mortality
OT  - *Secondary emissions
OT  - *Time series
OT  - *Ultrafine particles
OT  - *Vehicle exhaust
EDAT- 2017/12/06 06:00
MHDA- 2018/11/14 06:00
CRDT- 2017/12/06 06:00
PHST- 2017/08/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/10/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/11/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/12/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/11/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/12/06 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(17)31499-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2018 Feb;111:144-151. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.015. Epub 2017 
      Dec 20.