PMID- 29213854
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231112
IS  - 1980-5764 (Print)
IS  - 1980-5764 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 3
DP  - 2013 Jul-Sep
TI  - Serum levels of soluble TNF-alpha receptors but not BDNF are associated with apathy 
      symptoms in mild Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment.
PG  - 298-303
LID - 10.1590/S1980-57642013DN70300011 [doi]
AB  - Apathy is intimately associated with dementia. Unfortunately, its pathophysiology 
      remains poorly understood. The motivational impairment that characterizes this 
      disorder might share the same inflammatory mechanisms, as suggested by the 
      sickness behavior theory. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to 
      investigate the association between apathy symptoms and serum levels of tumor 
      necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and its soluble receptors. Brain-derived 
      neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were also analyzed since these have been 
      associated with depression, a condition which shares abulic features with apathy. 
      METHODS: The sample consisted of 27 subjects with mild Alzheimer's disease or 
      amnestic mild cognitive impairment, who were submitted to specific apathy 
      evaluation using the Apathy Scale (AS) and provided blood samples for biomarker 
      analysis. Participants were categorized into two groups according to median AS 
      scores (17 points). RESULTS: Subjects with higher apathy symptoms (n=13) 
      displayed higher levels of TNF-alpha soluble receptors (type 1: p=0.03; type 2: 
      p=0.04). No other difference was found between groups. CONCLUSION: These findings 
      point to the involvement of inflammatory mediators in the genesis of apathy 
      symptoms, as suggested by the sickness behavior theory.
FAU - Guimaraes, Henrique Cerqueira
AU  - Guimaraes HC
AD  - Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Department of Internal 
      Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
FAU - Caramelli, Paulo
AU  - Caramelli P
AD  - Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Department of Internal 
      Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
FAU - Fialho, Patricia Paes Araujo
AU  - Fialho PPA
AD  - Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Department of Internal 
      Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
FAU - Franca, Elisa de Paula
AU  - Franca EP
AD  - Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Department of Internal 
      Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
FAU - Afonso, Marcelo Pelizzaro Dias
AU  - Afonso MPD
AD  - Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Department of Internal 
      Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
FAU - Teixeira, Antonio Lucio
AU  - Teixeira AL
AD  - Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Department of Internal 
      Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
AD  - Translational Psychoneuroimmunology Group, Department of Internal Medicine, 
      Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 
      (MG), Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Dement Neuropsychol
JT  - Dementia & neuropsychologia
JID - 101506587
PMC - PMC5619202
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alzheimer's disease
OT  - BDNF
OT  - TNF-alpha
OT  - apathy
OT  - dementia
OT  - mild cognitive impairment
OT  - sTNFR1
OT  - sTNFR2
COIS- Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2013/07/01 00:00
MHDA- 2013/07/01 00:01
PMCR- 2013/07/01
CRDT- 2017/12/08 06:00
PHST- 2017/12/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/07/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/07/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2013/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1590/S1980-57642013DN70300011 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Dement Neuropsychol. 2013 Jul-Sep;7(3):298-303. doi: 
      10.1590/S1980-57642013DN70300011.