PMID- 29221889
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190611
LR  - 20190613
IS  - 1873-4588 (Electronic)
IS  - 0892-1997 (Linking)
VI  - 33
IP  - 2
DP  - 2019 Mar
TI  - On Exploring Vocal Ornamentation in Byzantine Chant.
PG  - 256.e17-256.e34
LID - S0892-1997(17)30087-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.10.016 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: A special vocal ornament in Byzantine chant (BC), the single cycle 
      ornamentation structure (SCOS), is defined and compared with the vibrato with 
      respect to its time (rate, extent) and spectral (slope [SS], relative speaker's 
      formant [SPF] level, formant frequencies [Fi] and bandwidths [Bi], and 
      noise-to-harmonics ratio [NHR]) characteristics. STUDY DESIGN: This is a 
      comparative study between the vocal ornaments of SCOS and vibrato, of which time 
      and spectral acoustic parameters were measured, statistically analyzed, and 
      compared. METHODS: From the same hymn recordings chanted by four chanters, the 
      SS, SPF level, FFi, FBi, and NHR difference values between the vocal ornament and 
      its neighbor steady note, and the rate and extent, were compared with those of 
      vibrato. RESULTS: The mean extent values for SCOS were found to be almost double 
      the corresponding values for vibrato, and the rate of SCOS tends to be different 
      from the rate of vibrato. The difference values of: 1) the NHR, 2) the spectral 
      slope, and 3) the SPF level, between the vocal ornament and its neighbor steady 
      note were found to be: 1) higher for SCOS, 2) mainly lower for SCOS, and 3) lower 
      for SCOS, respectively. No significant differences were detected for the FFi and 
      FBi. The FF1 differences tend to be negative in both ornaments indicating a 
      formant tuning effect. CONCLUSIONS: A new vocal ornament (SCOS) in BC is studied, 
      of which the extent, NHR (HNR), the spectral slope, and the SPF level are 
      different compared to those of vibrato.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights 
      reserved.
FAU - Delviniotis, Dimitrios S
AU  - Delviniotis DS
AD  - Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Ilisia, 
      Athens, Greece. Electronic address: ddelvis@di.uoa.gr.
FAU - Theodoridis, Sergios
AU  - Theodoridis S
AD  - Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Ilisia, 
      Athens, Greece.
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20171206
PL  - United States
TA  - J Voice
JT  - Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation
JID - 8712262
SB  - IM
MH  - *Acoustics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Singing
MH  - Sound Spectrography
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Vibration
MH  - *Voice Quality
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Byzantine chant
OT  - Formant frequencies
OT  - Formant tuning
OT  - Singing voice ornaments
OT  - Spectral characteristics
EDAT- 2017/12/10 06:00
MHDA- 2019/06/14 06:00
CRDT- 2017/12/10 06:00
PHST- 2017/02/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/06/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/10/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/12/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/06/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/12/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0892-1997(17)30087-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.10.016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Voice. 2019 Mar;33(2):256.e17-256.e34. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.10.016. Epub 
      2017 Dec 6.