PMID- 29233770
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180822
LR  - 20180822
IS  - 1096-0295 (Electronic)
IS  - 0273-2300 (Linking)
VI  - 92
DP  - 2018 Feb
TI  - Dissipation kinetics, pre-harvest residue limits, and dietary risk assessment of 
      the systemic fungicide metalaxyl in Swiss chard grown under greenhouse 
      conditions.
PG  - 201-206
LID - S0273-2300(17)30390-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.12.003 [doi]
AB  - The residual behavior of the systemic fungicide, metalaxyl, in Swiss chard 
      cultivated at two different locations under greenhouse conditions was 
      investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an 
      ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UVD). Samples were randomly collected over 14 days and 
      extracted using acetonitrile, partitioned using solid sodium chloride, and a 
      solid-phase extraction (SPE) NH(2) cartridge was used for cleanup. The linearity 
      over a concentration range 0.05-50 mg/L was excellent with a coefficient of 
      determination (R(2)) of 0.9997. The recovery rate ranged from 77.05 to 88.92% 
      with relative standard deviations (RSDs) </= 10.74, and the limits of detection 
      (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.0033 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. The 
      initial (2 h after application) deposits were 4.69 and 5.90 mg/kg for sites 1 and 
      2, respectively, which increased to 4.95 and 6.57 mg/kg, respectively, one day 
      post-application, owing to the systemic properties of the fungicide. The 
      dissipation half-life was 5.3 and 6.0 days for sites 1 and 2, respectively. The 
      pre-harvest residue limit (PHRL) suggested that if 55.38 and 47.23 mg/kg was 
      applied 10 days before harvest or 33.28 and 30.73 mg/kg was applied 5 days before 
      harvest (for sites 1 and 2, respectively) then the concentration will fall below 
      the maximum residue limit (MRL = 20.0 mg/kg) at the time of harvest. The dietary 
      risk assessment, estimated as hazard quotient (RQ%), indicate that metalaxyl can 
      be safely used in/on Swiss chard, with no hazardous effects expected for 
      consumers.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kabir, Md Humayun
AU  - Kabir MH
AD  - Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 
      Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Abd El-Aty, A M
AU  - Abd El-Aty AM
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 
      Giza 12211, Egypt; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College 
      of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea. 
      Electronic address: abdelaty44@hotmail.com.
FAU - Rahman, Md Musfiqur
AU  - Rahman MM
AD  - Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 
      Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Chung, Hyung Suk
AU  - Chung HS
AD  - Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 
      Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Lee, Han Sol
AU  - Lee HS
AD  - Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 
      Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Jeong, Ji Hoon
AU  - Jeong JH
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221, 
      Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Wang, Jing
AU  - Wang J
AD  - Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality 
      Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural 
      Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Shin, SungShik
AU  - Shin S
AD  - Laboratory of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National 
      University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Shin, Ho-Chul
AU  - Shin HC
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Shim, Jae-Han
AU  - Shim JH
AD  - Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 
      Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic 
      of Korea. Electronic address: jhshim@chonnam.ac.kr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20171209
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Regul Toxicol Pharmacol
JT  - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP
JID - 8214983
RN  - 0 (Fungicides, Industrial)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 16K4M187IF (metalaxyl)
RN  - OF5P57N2ZX (Alanine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alanine/analogs & derivatives/chemistry
MH  - Beta vulgaris/*chemistry
MH  - Diet/methods
MH  - Food
MH  - Fungicides, Industrial/*analysis/*chemistry
MH  - Half-Life
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis/*chemistry
MH  - Risk Assessment
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HPLC-UVD
OT  - Leafy vegetables
OT  - Metalaxyl
OT  - PHRL
OT  - Risk assessment
OT  - Systemic fungicide
EDAT- 2017/12/14 06:00
MHDA- 2018/08/23 06:00
CRDT- 2017/12/14 06:00
PHST- 2017/09/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/11/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/12/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/12/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/08/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/12/14 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0273-2300(17)30390-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.12.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Feb;92:201-206. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.12.003. 
      Epub 2017 Dec 9.