PMID- 29241046
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180723
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1872-7646 (Electronic)
IS  - 0167-9457 (Linking)
VI  - 57
DP  - 2018 Feb
TI  - Increase in post activation potentiation in females following a cycling warmup.
PG  - 171-177
LID - S0167-9457(17)30572-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.humov.2017.12.003 [doi]
AB  - Post activation potentiation (PAP) is a phenomenon in which muscular force is 
      acutely enhanced as a result of prior contractile activity. The net augmentation 
      is dependent upon the intensity of the preceding conditioning contraction 
      influencing calcium release and phosphorylation of the regulatory myosin light 
      chain. This phenomenon has been recorded after various types of conditioning 
      contractions, however the interaction of a warmup on PAP remains uncertain and 
      whether this differs between males and females requires consideration. We 
      investigated the effect of a cycling warmup on twitch contractile properties and 
      PAP of the plantar flexors on males and in females using oral contraceptives. A 
      maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the plantar flexors preceded and followed 
      a 10-min cycling warmup, where supramaximal twitches were administered prior to, 
      during and after the conditioning contractions. Twitch contractile properties of 
      peak tension (PT), time to peak tension (TPT), half relaxation time (HRT) and 
      contraction duration (CD) were compared between resting and potentiated twitches 
      before and after the warmup. Ultrasonography was used to measure in vivo Achilles 
      tendon architecture. Males were  approximately 30% stronger, but voluntary activation did not 
      differ from females (p = .37). In males and females PT increased following the 
      conditioning MVC (p = .03). The degree of potentiation was higher following the 
      warmup in females (25.01%, p = .02) but not males (p = .24). TPT, HRT and 
      contraction duration (p < .05) were faster after the warmup and in males 
      (p < .001). Achilles tendon elongation was unchanged by the warmup (p = .11). Ten 
      minutes of a cycling warmup reduced TPT, HRT, and CD in both males and females 
      without altering the tendon. The degree of PAP was higher in females than males 
      following the warmup. This difference might be associated with altered calcium 
      kinetics of females on oral contraceptives as well as higher proportion of type I 
      fibres in the active muscles.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Simpson, Carey L
AU  - Simpson CL
AD  - School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Healthy Exercise and Aging Lab Group, 
      University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. Electronic 
      address: careysimpson@capilanou.ca.
FAU - Flatman, Marina M
AU  - Flatman MM
AD  - School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Healthy Exercise and Aging Lab Group, 
      University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. Electronic 
      address: marinamae-@hotmail.com.
FAU - Kim, Brian D H
AU  - Kim BDH
AD  - School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Healthy Exercise and Aging Lab Group, 
      University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. Electronic 
      address: brian.dh.kim@live.com.
FAU - Bouwmeester, Nikita M
AU  - Bouwmeester NM
AD  - School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Healthy Exercise and Aging Lab Group, 
      University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. Electronic 
      address: thenikitamariebouwmeester@gmail.com.
FAU - Jakobi, Jennifer M
AU  - Jakobi JM
AD  - School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Healthy Exercise and Aging Lab Group, 
      University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. Electronic 
      address: jennifer.jakobi@ubc.ca.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20171211
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Hum Mov Sci
JT  - Human movement science
JID - 8300127
RN  - 0 (Contraceptives, Oral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Achilles Tendon/*physiology
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Bicycling
MH  - Contraceptives, Oral
MH  - Electric Stimulation
MH  - Electromyography
MH  - *Exercise
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Isometric Contraction/*physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*physiology
MH  - Phosphorylation
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Electromyography
OT  - Myosins
OT  - Sex differences
OT  - Tendon
OT  - Twitch
OT  - Ultrasonography
EDAT- 2017/12/15 06:00
MHDA- 2018/07/24 06:00
CRDT- 2017/12/15 06:00
PHST- 2017/08/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/11/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/12/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/12/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/07/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/12/15 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0167-9457(17)30572-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.humov.2017.12.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hum Mov Sci. 2018 Feb;57:171-177. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2017.12.003. Epub 2017 Dec 
      11.